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17. NOMADIC EXPANSION. NOMADS Movement Animals Open, free . SETTLED Sedentary Agriculture Confined, “slavery”. SURVIVAL. C onditions Conflict . MONGOLS. Nomadic Pastoralism Movement Land Animals Tribe. 1200-1500. MONGOLS:. OTHERS:. 1 mil. . China, M.E., Russia Millions .
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17 NOMADIC EXPANSION
NOMADS • Movement • Animals • Open, free • SETTLED • Sedentary • Agriculture • Confined, “slavery”
SURVIVAL • Conditions • Conflict
MONGOLS • Nomadic Pastoralism • Movement • Land • Animals • Tribe
1200-1500 MONGOLS: OTHERS: • 1 mil. • China, M.E., Russia • Millions
MILITARY • Training • Weapons • Short bow • 350 yds. • Europe: 250 yds.
MILITARY • Basic unit • Tumens: 10k • Subunits • Commanders: control
MILITARY • 100% cavalry • Combat: heavy • Archers: light • Horses • Best bred, trained • 60-100 miles/day
SPECIAL OPS • Scout parties • Messenger corps • Days on horse • Logistics unit
WARFARE • Psychological • Terror • Demoralizing • Discipline, strategy
WARFARE • Mobility • Cavalry • Few provisions
CHINGGIS KHAN • Strategy, diplomacy • United • Million people • Army 10%
KUBILAI KHAN • Grandson Chinggis Khan • China
MONGOL RULE • Travel, comm. • Conquered people = new talent • Specialists • Marco Polo
MONGOL CHINA • Chinese, inferior • Taxes • Religious toleration • Wealth
MONGOL CHINA • Technology • Hygiene • Daily baths • Chinese culture • Little change