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The astronomical information network

The astronomical information network. Sharing astronomical data : why (1). Major scientific objectives Long term observations of variable natural phenomena A large number of objects, complex interactions, many scales

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The astronomical information network

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  1. The astronomical information network F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  2. Sharing astronomical data : why (1) • Major scientific objectives • Long term observations of variable natural phenomena • A large number of objects, complex interactions, many scales • Observations with different techniques, at different scales (ground- and space-based observatories, large surveys) Multi-wavelength observations make a significant and increasing fraction of publications F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  3. Cosmic background + objects Planck SPITZER Very Large Telescope Also: small and medium size ground-based telescope F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  4. Sharing astronomical data: why (2) • Re-using data for scientific objectives different from the original ones, i.e. optimize the science return of large ground- and space-based instruments and of large surveys IUE (1978-1996): five times more publications from data retrieved in the archive than from the selected observing teams (Wamsteker, Griffin, 1995) – a major precursor • More than 300,000 queries/day on the CDS services (which are only a part of the global information system) F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  5. ‘Data’ in astronomy • A huge amount of heterogeneous, distributed ‘data’ (continuum): observations, added-value databases (e.g. CDS’ SIMBAD, VizieR), tools, bibliographic data (academic journals, ADS) – also, theory data • International partnership to define common standards to share data – e.g. FITS – and links • A network of on-line information, which begun soon after the advent of the internet, and has revolutionized the way astronomers work • Early, excellent collaboration between academic journals, data centres and archives to build a ‘bibliographic network’ F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  6. The astronomical data network • Data policy • Observational data is available after a proprietary period (1 year) • Academic journals (a few ‘large’ journals) • Table of contents and abstracts freely available • Full content in general available after 3 years – some in open access • Some data tables immediately available through data centres • It seems easy – it is so easy to do a web page! BUT lots of work behind the scene: Using and re-using data requires • it is properly described • users are confident in its QUALITY F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  7. From bibliography to data The NASA ADS bibliographic database F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  8. Access to the data in archives (ESA, ESO, NASA…) Added-value work at the archives to create the links F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  9. A single view of the tables published in academic journals; Collab. journals + data centres Catalogues and published tables A single standard F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  10. An homogeneous view of very heterogeneous information in a single service • A new paradigm: published tables = data (1993) • Additional quality checks in addition to referee • Data discovery (Unified Content Descriptors) F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  11. One among many available tools: tha Aladin portal to images Unified access to distributed data bases Courtesy of M.G. Allen F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  12. European strategic exercise for astronomy: Astronet Roadmap (2008) The data/service infrastructure is an important part of the disciplinary infrastructure F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

  13. The astronomy knowledge infrastructure • Science driven information network widely used by the scientific community • A model based on open access to data and services (pragmatic open access strategy) • A fully distributed model with no central point • Agencies responsible for large infrastructures provide data archives • Established data centres provide value-added services and tools • Now smaller, motivated actors are appearing • Links, portals, access tools • International interoperability standards: a complex task • Mid-term sustainability • Support to archive/data centres • Support to national projects which work on interoperability (VObs) F. Genova, Berlin 7, Paris, 2 December 2009

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