“A Modest Proposal”

1. “A Modest Proposal” Rachel Thornton & Rae Gross

2. Summarize: • Swift is criticizing the wealthy British people because they will not help the poor Irish people even though they have the money to do so. • Page 615 says, “…Therefore, whoever could find out a cheap, and easy method of making these children sound useful members of the common wealth would deserve so well of the public as to have his statue set up for a preserver of the nation.” • This passage from “A Modest Proposal” is saying that if the wealthy are going to judge the poor, they might as well find a good use for them. It is also saying that if they could find a good use for them in a cheap and easy way, that they would deserve praise because they would be a “preserver of the nation”.

3. Identify: • The intended audience for “A Modest Proposal” is the wealthy British people, and he wants them to help the poor Irish people. Swift basically wanted to shock the wealthy into helping the poor. He did this by stating that if the wealthy were not going to help the poor, they might as well just eat the children so they could have food. • On page 614 it says, “…best audience for “A Modest Proposal” was the upper class – a group of people who had the ability to make changes for the better…”

4. Identify: • The Irish were so poor in the 1700’s because of a famine that they were experiencing. They had to move from their home in Ireland to places such as Canada, America, and the UK to try to better their lives. They were extremely poor to start with, and when they moved it was no different. They were discriminated against, they were poor, and they had nothing that they could do about that. That is why Swift wanted to shock the wealthy into helping the poor Irish people, because there was no other way to help them.

5. Compare & Contrast: • This view of society to Chaucer’s view of society; • Swift believed that the wealthy people were bad because they would not listen to him when he asked for their assistance in helping the poor, when they could obviously help tremendously. • Chaucer believed that there were a lot of bad people in society, and he openly criticized them in “The Canterbury Tales”. He criticized a wide variety of people, from church people to common people. He described people from the Friar, who was a greedy and sinful priest, to the Wife of Bath, who was a woman who married 5 different men. These two people are very different, so that shows how Chaucer criticizes all types of people. • How are they similar? They both criticized the upper class/wealthy people in their societies, and how they did not care for the poor. • How are they different? Chaucer did not go nearly as far as Swift did when criticizing people. Chaucer simply pointed out that everyone had flaws, while Swift suggested that people should eat children, just to get the wealthypeople’s attention.

6. Compare & Contrast: • These societies to American society: • Swift & Chaucer’s societies: Both of these societies were corrupt in their own ways. “The Canterbury Tales” showed many different types of flaws within many different types of people (such as the friar, the wife of Bath, etc.). “A Modern Proposal” mainly focused on the flaws of the wealthy such as their greed and self-centeredness. So, both were corrupt. • American society is definitely corrupt. There is a lot of crime, war, and poverty going on in today’s society. In complete honesty, our society is just messed up, much like Chaucer’s society and Swift’s society. Every society has it’s flaws, and not only do Chaucer and Swift show that, but our own society shows that as well. • How are they similar? They are both corrupt and flawed. • How are they different? The types of crimes and wars going on are not quite the same. For example, I highly doubt that people go around today swindling money from people because of pardons like the pardoner did.

7. Compare & Contrast (What We Think): • We side with Chaucer more, simply because he does not only point out the flaws of one social group. Swift only shows the flaws of the wealthy, and we do not believe that all wealthy people are selfish. Chaucer showed more variety in who he criticized, and we believe that this applies more to today’s society because more than one social class is flawed.

8. Evaluate: • 1300’s society in “The Canterbury Tales”: • “The Canterbury Tales” shows that the society of that time was extremely flawed. Chaucer showed that everyone had flaws. He did this by describing many different people within different social classes. He showed how much respect depended on their social class. For instance, the Friar was a horrible man, he got girls pregnant and he was greedy, yet he was respected just because he was a part of the church. • In “The Canterbury Tales” Chaucer writes, “He was an easy man in penance-giving, Where he could hope to make a decent living.” • This means that the Friar charged money at the confessions, only because he knew he would make a lot of money from it. This shows how greedy people can be.

9. Evaluate: • 1700’s society in “A Modest Proposal”: • Swift concentrated more on the fact that the wealthy were self-centered. He showed the flaws that the wealthy had, making it seem like the poor people did not have flaws. He made the poor people out to be the victims and the wealthy to be the villains, which, in a way, was correct. The poor had no way to help themselves, and the rich had the means to help them, but they would not. He had to go to great lengths to get their attention, which is another example of how self-centered the wealthy people of that time were. • In “A Modest Proposal” Swift writes, “… crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags, and importuning every passenger for an alms.” • This was saying that the poor had to walk around the city and beg for money, yet the rich would not spare any. The streets were crowded and all the poor, even children, had to beg for money.

10. Evaluate: • Society in the 1300’s: • In the 1300’s it was early medieval times and English society began to rapidly change. • Economic times became to get better along with health. • During this time wealthier people looked down upon the poor and treated them very badly.

11. Evaluate: • Society in the 1700’s: • In the 1700’s the women had hard jobs keeping up with the house hold and it was very unappreciated. • Men and women had very high social pressure to get married. They usually got married at 13 or 14 years of age. • Marriage was for economic benefit back in these times. • Also in this time period poor people were looked down upon by the wealthy. It was a demeaning to the society.

12. Evaluate: • We think that society had gotten (better or worse?) • We think the society hasn’t gotten better or worse between these times and this is said because people during these times still treat the poor just as bad.

13. Personalize: • You can easily find people like the wealthy people that were described in Swift’s essay. There are many celebrities that get caught up in the fact that they are rich and famous that they do not seem to care for others at all. For example, Lindsey Lohan, Britney Spears, and Amy Winehouse are all examples of people who got too caught up in their fame. They all ended up doing drugs and pretty much ruining their lives (one quite literally) because they were too caught up in their lifestyle. They did not care about what people would think of them or how it would affect others, they did what they wanted to do and they had to pay the consequences.

14. Personalize: • It is also quite easy to find people like the people that were described in “The Canterbury Tales”, even more so than the people described in “A Modest Proposal”. Almost anyone can fit into the criticism that Chaucer described. There are money-hungry people everywhere like the Pardoner, there are hypocritical people like the Friar, and there are people that get married a lot like the Wife of Bath. One could just step out their front door and see someone like this easily.

15. Work Cited • "The History of English: Early Modern English." Rice University. Web. 25 Mar. 2012. <http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Histengl/emode.html>. • “What Was the Social Structure in the 1300's - Medieval Europe?" WikiAnswers. Answers. Web. 25 Mar. 2012. <http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_social_structure_in_the_1300's_-_medieval_Europe>.