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Big Experience with Small Wind Turbines 235 SWT and 15 Years of Operational Results

EWEC 2007- Milan, Italy, 9 May 2007, Technical Track: Small wind turbines, distributed generation and autonomous systems. Big Experience with Small Wind Turbines 235 SWT and 15 Years of Operational Results. Paul Kühn. ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik

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Big Experience with Small Wind Turbines 235 SWT and 15 Years of Operational Results

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  1. EWEC 2007- Milan, Italy, 9 May 2007, Technical Track: Small wind turbines, distributed generation and autonomous systems Big Experience with Small Wind Turbines235 SWT and15 Years of Operational Results Paul Kühn ISET Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik Kassel/ Hanau, Germany

  2. Evaluation Programme Wind Energy in Germany, WMEP • ISET has been monitoring the development of wind energy use in Germany since 1989, in the framework of the “250 MW Wind” programme. • Operational results gathered by questionnaire (more than 1 500 WT) and measurements (200 sites) about: • effects by external conditions • fluctuation of fed in wind power • economy of wind energy • energy yields • reliability of WT • This contribution: • Operational results of 235 SWT

  3. Big Experience - SWT models in the WMEP Krogmann 15/50 Südwind N715 AEE Peters PG 10 40 m2 < swept area < 200 m2 swept area ≤ 40 m2 Lagerwey 15/75 Wenuns Inventus 6 LMW 2500

  4. 1. Development 2. Economics Share of Newly Installed WT Operational Costs ct / kWh Large WT SWT 40m2<A<200m2 3. Energy Yields 4. Reliability SWT A ≤ 40 m2 Annual Failure Rate Specific Power Output W / m2 operational year Big Experience - Evaluations

  5. cause of failure consequenses reason for report repair downtime costs WMEP - Data Acquisition Maintenance and Repair Reports More than 62 000 reports concerning maintenance and repairs: 4 200 reports from SWT

  6. Reliability - Causes of Failure Smallwind turbines: both size categories

  7. Reliability - Repairs rotor hub: 8 % generator: 5 % mechanical brake: 7 % sensors: 11 % rotor blades: 5 % gear box: 5 % control unit: 17 % hydraulic system: 5 % yaw mechanism: 5 % drive train: 3 % supporting structure: 3 % electrical system: 26 % Smallwind turbines: 40 m2 < swept area < 200 m2

  8. Reliability - Repairs generator: 7 % sensors: 6 % rotor hub: 23 % control unit: 14 % mechanical brake: 11 % electrical system: 13 % rotor blades: 9 % hydraulic system: 2 % gear box: 5 % drive train: 3 % supporting structure: 5 % yaw mechanism: 3 % Smallwind turbines: swept area ≤ 40 m2

  9. 1 0,75 0,5 0,25 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 annual failure frequency downtime per failure in days Reliability - Frequency of Failure & Related Downtime Small wind turbines: both size categories

  10. 40 m2 < SWT swept area < 200 m2 SWT swept area ≤ 40 m2 number of SWT reported about technical availability Reliability - Age Dependent Technical Availability Large WT: 97 % Small wind turbines in the WMEP

  11. Conclusions & Outlook Main Barriers: Costs and Reliability SWT @ ISET: Further Development and Optimization Approach: Most Simple Turbine Design

  12. Thank you for your attention! contact: pkuehn@iset.uni-kassel.de www.iset.uni-kassel.de http://reisi.iset.uni-kassel.de ISET advancing energy systems • Electrical systems technology for the use of renewable energies and for the decentral power supply • Applications-oriented R&D • Wind Energy • Photovoltaics • Bio Energy • Hydro Power and Marine Energies • Energy Conversion and Storage • Hybrid Systems • Energy Economy

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