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Importance of Establishing Effective Database System

Importance of Establishing Effective Database System. Laila M. Akhu-Zaheya RN, PHD Nursing Informatics Adult Health Department Faculty of Nursing/Jordan University of Science and Technology. Objectives. What is data? What is information? What is database? What is effective database?

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Importance of Establishing Effective Database System

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  1. Importance of Establishing Effective Database System Laila M. Akhu-Zaheya RN, PHD Nursing Informatics Adult Health Department Faculty of Nursing/Jordan University of Science and Technology

  2. Objectives • What is data? • What is information? • What is database? • What is effective database? • What are the purposes of database? • Implication of database in nursing

  3. Questions • Do certain approaches to pain management shorten hospital stays? • Is the incidence of preventable illness lower in children whose mothers received postpartum care? • Does hospitalization of patients whose diabetes is newly diagnosed prevent future hospitalization for diabetic complications?

  4. What is data? Data can be defined in different ways, depending on the context. • In information science data defined as raw facts, or unprocessed information • Need to be stored for easy retrieval

  5. What is information? • Information is the processed data, has meaning • Should be organized in a useful and meaningful way to build our knowledge • knowledge would be useful to make decision

  6. Purpose of database management system

  7. Needs for database and database management system

  8. What is Database • Data is the basic element of database • A very large integrated collection of data • Organized in a form that data would be retrievable either singly or in groups • It is simply creating information from data • Information is data that have been organized & communicated in a coherent and meaningful manner

  9. Example of database Touch all aspects of our lives; as: • Banking: all transactions • Airlines: reservations, schedules • Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply • Universities: registration, grades • Computer: files in your hard drive • Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax deductions

  10. What is effective database When you think about a database, keep in mind the • The questions that the data needs to answer • The data needed to answer the questions • Remember: garbage in (GI)– garbage out (GO)

  11. Database management system Keep in mind the following questions: • How many records we will warehouse and for how long? • Who will be using the database and what tasks will they perform? • Who will be providing IT support for the database? • What hardware is available?  Is there a budget for purchasing additional hardware?

  12. Database management system, continue,…. • Who will be responsible for maintaining the data? • Will data access be offered over the Internet?  If so, what level of access should be supported? • How often will the data be modified?  Who will make these modifications?

  13. Why do we need database? • Database is the foundation of all health care information system • Provides information that can be retrieve, used in research, and clinical practice • Keep records of our: • Clients; Staff; Volunteers • Activities and interventions; • Develop reports; Perform research • Longitudinal tracking

  14. Moreover, • It would overcome the problems of: • Data redundancy and inconsistency • Multiple file formats, duplication of information in different files • Difficulty in accessing data • Need to write a new program to carry out each new task • Data isolation — multiple files and formats • Integrity problems • Hard to add new constraints or change existing ones

  15. Overview of database • Certain terminology used for database • Data: Facts without meaning, e.g., the number 37 • Field (attribute): smallest structure in database • Field name: label applied to a field • Record: all information about a single member of a table • Table: A collection of related information . A table consists of record and each record is made up of a number of field.

  16. Type of Database • Non-relational Place information in field categories that we create so that information is available for sorting and disseminating the way we need it. Example: a spreadsheet • Relational Fields can be used in a number of ways (and can be of variable length), provided that they are linked in tables.

  17. Attention • It is not only important to develop database but also to know how to use the database: • Training is important

  18. Implications & challenges • Direct patient care • Education • Research • Administration

  19. In Jordan

  20. Thank You

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