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Digital to Analog Converter. By Rushabh Mehta Manthan Sheth. Progress. Current to Voltage converter. V out. 12. 1. I-V conversion. Using a current mirror and load as ground connected PMOS. Possibly the best way to get linear I-V conversion.
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Digital to Analog Converter By Rushabh Mehta Manthan Sheth
Progress Current to Voltage converter Vout 12
1. I-V conversion • Using a current mirror and load as ground connected PMOS. • Possibly the best way to get linear I-V conversion. • We evaluated the use of NMOS/PMOS in diode configuration in all possible ways (Doesn’t work) • Always, non-linearity comes when transistor goes from cut-off to saturation. • So, we need to give a constant fixed biasing.
Simulation Result • When all 12 bits are ON => Output voltage = 0.75V • When all 12 bits are OFF => Output voltage= 2.5V • Total Swing = 2.5V to 0.75V
Binary weighted section design • Need unit current sources. • From our calculation, we need a maximum total current of 3.84uA from binary weighted 4 LSB bits => unit current source = 256nA.
Binary weighted section design 4 bit LSB binary encoder
Binary encoder simulation result • Matches perfectly with what was desired. • Swing = 2.5V- 0.75V = 1.75V • Voltage change when all 4 bits ON = • Output voltage = 2.5V – 6.835mV = 2.4931V
Thermometer encoder design MSB 2 Bits 4 Bits Y3 LSB Y2 2 Bits Y1 Y0 Dummy section Y0 = VDD Y1= A1+A0 Y2= A1 Y3= A1.A0
Thermometer encoder design A1 A0 Y1 Y2 Y3
Thermometer encoder simulation result Y3 Y2 Y1 A1 A0
Next • Designing unit current sources for the thermometer coded section. • Level inverter and shifter after I-V conversion. • Designing delay block at the input of binary encoder.