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Goat Program Update ANR Agents 2011

Goat Program Update ANR Agents 2011. Ken Andries Terry Hutchens. Kentucky State University College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems. What are we doing at KSU. Expanding goat herd to 300 breeding females. Added Spanish and Savanna goats to herd.

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Goat Program Update ANR Agents 2011

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  1. Goat Program UpdateANR Agents 2011 Ken Andries Terry Hutchens Kentucky State University College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems.

  2. What are we doing at KSU Expanding goat herd to 300 breeding females. Added Spanish and Savanna goats to herd. Annual forages and working to establish Lespedeza for trials. Added cattle to farm to conduct Co-grazing research. Added a Co-Investigator to help move things along.

  3. KSU Research Findings • Stocking Rate: • Stocking at 3 to 6 head (average weight 100 lb) appears to be correct. • Found no significant difference in Animal Performance between 3, 6, and 9 hd. per acre. • Difference in Forage availability favored 6 hd. per acre. • Weed pressure was extremely high in 2011 in low stocking rate.

  4. KSU Continued: • Annual Forage for Goats • Cool season for does: • Rye produced better gains for nursing kids and reduced weight loss of does when grazed between 30 and 60 days of age compared to Fescue. • Observed fewer health problems in kids on rye than fescue, carried through weaning. • Cool season forages or alternatives to Fescue early may help performance.

  5. 2010-2011 Kid Feeding Trial Participants Purdue University, University of Kentucky and Kentucky State University Purpose was to determine if there is a significant advantage to feeding a soybean hull (fiber based diet) vs. a corn (starch based diet) to feeder goats.

  6. 2010-2011 Kid Feeding Trial • Method: Thirty two (32) Boer x Kiko crossbred intact male kids were used in the study • Each was weaned for 30 days prior to the start of the study • Average starting weight was 48.4 lbs • Each was individually fed and housed • Each was randomly assigned to one of four 2x2 factorial arranged treatment of • corn vs. soybean hull diets • and two target finishing weight of 60 and 75 lbs

  7. 2010-2011 Kid Feeding Trial • Test diets were equal in energy content (2Mcal/lb NEg) and crude protein (15% CP) • The two diets differed in energy source • Corn (starch based diet) • 88% cracked corn, • 7% Soybean meal (48%), • 5% mineral mix • Soybean Hull (fiber based diet) • 53% soybean hulls, • 23% dry Distiller’s Grains with solubles, • 17% cracked corn, • 3% soybean oil, • 4% mineral mix

  8. 2010-2011 Kid Feeding Trial • Study results: • The kid goats fed soybean hull based diet had a significantly higher average daily gain, • (0.36 lbs/d vs. 0.26 lbs/d) • feed intake, • (2.8 lbs/d vs. 2.2 lbs/d) • and tended to have a higher Gain:Feed ratio • (0.14 vs. 0.12) • thus indicating a higher level of feed efficiency.

  9. 2010-2011 Kid Feeding Trial • Neither the corn or soybean hull based diet had an effect on dressing percentage • (51% vs. 50.3%) • Efficiency of gain and animal performs was higher for target weight of 60 lbs vs. 75 lbs. • Gain:Feed ratio (0.14 vs. 0.11) and (0.33 lbs vs. 0.28 lbs) • Conclusion: Feeding the soybean hull based diet (fiber) as the primary energy source resulted in a higher growth rate and improved performance over the corn based diet (starch). Feeding goats to a finish weight of 60 lbs was significantly more efficient than to 75 lbs of body weight.

  10. Carter County Co-Grazing Project

  11. “Thoughts on Pasture Weed Control” • Herbicide Balance (cover costs and may need an annual applications) ($10 return on cost of input) • Challenge of Fertility (negative return on cost of input effect on weed control) Moisture dependent • Mowing (negative return on cost) • Alternative Approach • Alternatives • 83 Cows with calves • 113 does with kids • Rotationally grazing 3, 100 acre tracks mountains terrain

  12. “Thoughts on Pasture Weed Control” Look at added value of livestock sold from pasture acres Example Weaned - 1.0 kids/doe x 113 does =113 kids Need 30 doe kids as replacements= Value of replacement does $120= $3600 83 market kids @ 55lbs = 4565 lbs X $1.55 = $7075.75 30 cull does @ 90lbs = 2700 x $0.85 = $2295 $3600 + $7075.75 + $2295 = $12,970.75 & $43/acre gross return Possible net returns: Doe cost-$80 x 113 = $9040 – (Gross Ret.) = $3930 & 13.10/acre

  13. Top of Canopy Percent Canopy Cover

  14. Middle Plant CanopyPercent Canopy Cover

  15. Bottom of Plant CanopyPercent Canopy Cover

  16. Plant Density Counts Ft2

  17. Lewis Co. Goat Browsing Vs. Herbicide and Mowing

  18. Current Goat Herd HealthIssues and Concerns Michelle Arnold, DVM Ruminant Extension Veterinarian University of Kentucky

  19. Determining Resistance Determining the level of drug resistance in a goat herd is an integral part of an overall parasite control plan. Consider performing a FECRT or the DrenchRite Assay especially if FAMACHA scores are consistently creeping higher and response to the dewormer of choice is decreasing

  20. DrenchRite The DrenchRite® Larval Development Assay performed at the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine is a test that evaluates resistance to benzimidazoles(e.g. Valbazen, Panacur, Safeguard), levamisole (e.g. Totalon, Levasol, Prohibit), and avermectin/milbemycin (Ivomec, Cydectin) from a single pooled fecal sample from 10 or more animals.

  21. DrenchRite The lab isolates 50,000 eggs then places 75-100 eggs into each of 96 wells for testing. The eggs are allowed to hatch into larvae and different dewormers of varying concentrations are placed in each of the wells. The concentration of the dewormer required to block further development of the larvae is related to the effectiveness of the drug.

  22. DrenchRite It is recommended to conduct this test every 2-3 years to monitor resistance and worm populations. The current cost as of Dec. 2010 is $450 The value of the information obtained combined with spreading the cost over a 2-3 year period makes the test economically feasible.

  23. Coproculture • With DrenchRite, the hatched larvae are also individually identified under the microscope so you will know precisely which worms are present on the farm in the goats or sheep. • Only Haemonchus can be monitored by FAMACHA. Other parasites may cause problems and a program for controlling these and other worms may be needed.

  24. Causes of Death in Goats

  25. Thank you, any questions • Ken Andries • Kenneth.andries@kysu.edu • 502-597-5094 • Terry Hutchens • Terry.hutchens@kysu.edu

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