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Lab Activity 11: Group I. Muscles Martini Chapter 11. Portland Community College BI 231. Origin and Insertion. Origin: The place where the fixed end attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective tissue. Insertion: The site where the movable end attaches to another structure.
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Lab Activity 11: Group I Muscles Martini Chapter 11 Portland Community College BI 231
Origin and Insertion • Origin: The place where the fixed end attaches to a bone, cartilage, or connective tissue. • Insertion: The site where the movable end attaches to another structure.
Frontalis Epicranial Aponeurosis • Origin:Epicranial aponeurosis • Insertion:Skin over forehead • Action:Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead
Occipitalis • Origin:Occipital and temporal bones • Insertion:Epicranial aponeurosis • Action:Fixes epicranial aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly
Orbicularis Oculi • Origin:Medial orbital margin and zygomatic bone • Insertion:Skin surrounding eye • Action:Closes eyelids and depresses skin of forehead
Temporalis • Origin:Temporal fossa • Insertion:Coronoid process of mandible • Action:Elevates and retracts mandible
Masseter • Origin:Zygomatic process and arch • Insertion:Angle and ramus of mandible • Action:Elevates mandible
Orbicularis Oris • Origin:By muscular skips to surround muscles • Insertion:Muscles interlace to surround mouth • Action:Closes and purses lips
Zygomaticus Major • Origin:Zygomatic arch • Insertion:Corner of mouth • Action:Elevates corner of mouth
Risorius • Origin:Fascia of masseter • Insertion:Corner of mouth • Action:Draws corner of mouth laterally
Omohyoid • Origin:Medial tip of suprascapularnotch • Insertion: Body of hyoid bone • Action: Depresses hyoid bone
Sternohyoid • Origin:Posterior surface of manubrium, and medial clavicle • Insertion:Hyoid bone • Action: Depresses hyoid bone
Mylohyoid • Origin:Mylohyoid line of mandible • Insertion: Hyoid bone • Action: Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth, depresses mandible
DigastricAnterior Belly • Origin:Lower border of mandible near midline • Insertion: Intermediate tendon on the hyoid bone • Action: Elevates hyoid bone and base of tongue, depresses mandible
DigastricPosterior Belly • Origin:Mastoid notch of temporal bone • Insertion: Intermediate tendon on the hyoid bone • Action: Moves hyoid bone back
Sternocleidomastoid • Origin: Manubrium and medial third of clavicle • Insertion: Mastoid process • Action: Rotates head to opposite side, extends head, and flexes vertebral column
Trapezius • Origin: External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line and spinous process of C7-T12 • Insertion: Anterior border of scapular spine, acromion process, lateral third of clavicle • Action: Elevates, adducts, and depresses scapula
Latissimus Dorsi • Origin: Spinous processes of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, crest of ilium • Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus • Action: Extends, rotates humerus medially, draws shoulder down and backward
Levator Scapula • Origin: Transverse processes of C1-4 • Insertion: Superior angle spine of scapula • Action: Elevates scapula
Rhomboid Major • Origin: Spinous process of T1-5 and supraspinous ligament • Insertion: Medial border below spine of scapula • Action: Adducts scapula and performs downward rotation
Rhomboid Minor • Origin: Spinous process of C7-T1 • Insertion: Medial border of scapula at base of spine • Action: Adducts scapula and performs downward rotation
Serratus Anterior • Origin: Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs • Insertion: Anterior lip of medial border of scapula • Action: Holds scapula to chest wall, medially rotates scapula in abducting or extending humerus
Erector Spinae • Origin: Sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae and T11,12 • Insertion: Angles of the ribs. Spinous & Transverse processes of vertebrae • Action: Extension of vertebral column
External Intercostal • Origin:Inferior border of rib above • Insertion:Superior border of rib below • Action:Elevates rib cage during inspiration
Internal Intercostal • Origin:Superior border of rib below • Insertion:Inferior border of rib above • Action:Depresses rib cage during expiration
Pectoralis Major • Origin:Medial half of clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique • Insertion: Intertubular groove of humerus • Action:Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus, draws body upward in climbing
Pectoralis Minor • Origin:Anterior surface of ribs 3 to 5 • Insertion:Coracoid process of scapula • Action:Draws scapula down and forward and elevates ribs
Rectus Abdominus • Origin:Pubic symphysis and crest of pubis • Insertion:Xiphoid process and cartilages of ribs 5 to 7 • Action:Tenses abdominal wall and flexes vertebral column
External Abdominal Oblique • Origin:External surface of lower 8 ribs • Insertion:Anterior half of iliac crest and linea alba • Action:Compresses abdomen, contralaterally rotates and flexes vertebral column
Internal Abdominal Oblique • Origin:Lateral half of inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia • Insertion:Lower four ribs, linea alba and by conjoined tendon to pubis • Action:Compresses abdomen, ipsilaterally rotates and flexes vertebral column
Transverse Abdominis • Origin:Lateral third of inguinal ligament, anterior iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia • Insertion:Linea alba, and by conjoined tendon to pubis • Action:Compresses abdomen
Deltoid • Origin:Anterior surface, lateral clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula • Insertion:Deltoid tubercle of humerus • Action:Abducts humerus; aids in flexion, extension, and internal and external rotation
Supraspinatus • Origin:Supraspinous fossa • Insertion:Greater tubercle of humerus • Action:Abducts humerus
Infraspinatus • Origin:Infraspinous fossa • Insertion:Greater tubercle of humerus • Action:Rotates humerus laterally
Teres Minor • Origin:Axillary border of scapula • Insertion:Greater tubercle of humerus • Action:Rotates humerus laterally
Teres Major • Origin:Axillary border at inferior angle of scapula • Insertion:Intertubular groove of humerus • Action:Extends, adduction and medial rotates humerus.
Subscapularis • Origin:Subscapular fossa • Insertion:Lesser tubercle of humerus • Action:Rotates humerus medially
Biceps Brachii Short Head • Origin:Long head, supraglenoid tubercle;Short head, coracoid process scapula • Insertion:Radial tuberosity of the radius • Action:Flexes radius and humerus, and supinates forearm Long Head
Coracobrachialis • Origin:Coracoid process of scapula • Insertion:Middle third of humerus • Action:Flexes and adducts humerus
Triceps Brachii Long Head Lateral Head • Origin:Long head, infraglenoid tubercle; Lateral head, proximal portion of posterior humerus; Medial head, distal half of posterior humerus • Insertion:Olecranon process of ulna • Action:Extends humerus and ulna
Brachialis • Origin:Anterior distal two-thirds of humerus • Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna • Action: Flexes ulna