Indicators for Performance and Impact

1. Indicators for Performance and Impact Headline Indicators Peter Roberts Lead Specialist World Bank Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria June, 2006

2. Headline indicators for the Transport Sector Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

3. Transport headline indicators Key Diagnostics being developed Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

4. Transport impact Usual transport indicators, such as: • Infrastructure quantity - Road Length • quality - % Paved - % Good/Fair Can be targeted geographically – but not readily by population characteristics A conceptual shift relates the user to key aspects of the transport service: • Accessibility of the service • Utilisation of and expenditure on the service Enables analysis of impact on household behaviour design and monitoring to reduce poverty / inequality Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

5. Transport headline indicators Key Indicators being developed to complement ‘Rural Access’ • UN Habitat  GTZ • Global Urban Expansion study • Japan consultancy trust fund • World Resources Institute • Union Internationale des Transports Publiques Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

6. Urban Mobility Index • Complement to the Rural Access Index • Also best estimated through representative household surveys • Proportion of the urban households which access the main employment within two hours (both ways) • Current values are from a data set developed by UN Habitat for 1998 • In the short-term a new data set depends cooperation with Habitat, UITP, GTZ and others Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

7. Transport headline indicators Key Indicators being developed to complement ‘Rural Access’ • Japan MLIT • International Road Federation Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

8. Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

9. Transport headline indicators Key Indicators being developed to complement ‘Rural Access’  International Customs Union  Port statistics  Freight transit Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

10. Trade Logistics Index • Object is to gauge the contribution of transport to national trade competitiveness • Composite proposed to combine: • Inventory holding (value and duration) • Inland transport (cost and time) • Clearance formalities (cost and duration) • Port handling (cost and time) • Each including financial and time costs • Detailed data is proving difficult to measure Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

11. Transport headline indicators Key Indicators being developed to complement ‘Rural Access’ Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

12. Modal Share • Proportions of national transport carried by the main modes: • Road transport • Railways • Water transport • Shares carried by main modes: • passenger travel (person/km) • freight haulage (mass, volume, value) Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

13. China: Passenger transport mode Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

14. China: Passenger transport mode Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

15. China: Freight transport mode Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

16. China: Freight transport mode Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

17. Headline transport indicator:Focus on Rural Access Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

18. Rural Access Index - history • Apr ’03: IDA group requests Infrastructure indicators • Sep ’03: Rural Access Index agreed in principle • proportion of the rural population within 2 km of an all-season road • Apr ‘04: Rural Access measured for 30 IDA countries • representing more than 80% of IDA rural population • Jul ’04: pilot ‘time/distance’ survey completed (in Albania) • Oct ’04: Rural Access Index adopted for IDA-14 Results Measurement System • Jul ’05: IDA-14 is initiated • Aug ’05: ‘time/distance’ survey completed (in Tanzania) Challenge is to extend the measure to further countries by establishing routine inclusion in household surveys Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

19. Benin 32% Burkina Faso 25 Burundi 19 Cameroon 20 Chad 5 Congo DR 26 Ethiopia 17 Ghana 44 Gambia 77 Guinea 22% Kenya 44 Madagascar 25 Malawi 38 Niger 37 Nigeria (8 States)47 Tanzania 38 - all subject to confirmation Rural Access Index - Africa • wish to work with partners to sustain / update this indicator. • are ready to discuss how the indicator can be established for countries which do not yet have it Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

20. Azerbaijan 67% Bangladesh 37 Cambodia 87 India 69 Indonesia 94 Laos PDR 59 Mongolia 36 Nepal 15% Pakistan 77 Papua New Guinea 68 Tajikistan 38 Uzbekistan 57 Vietnam 76 Yemen, Rep. 21 - all subject to confirmation Rural Access Index - Asia • Client partners need to sustain / update this indicator. • Advice is available on how the indicator can be established for countries which do not yet have it Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

21. Rural Access Index: IDA values Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

22. Transport in household surveys • Access – basic challenges for IDA-14 • ‘time’ / ‘distance’ perceptions and relationships • initial measures in more IDA countries • establish in-country ‘ownership’ • link to access to affordable transport service • Transport module – complement LSMS etc • ‘time budget’ data in addition to ‘expenditure’ • Integrated module for infrastructure services Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

23. Rural Access: Regional Values Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

24. Using transport indicators to guide and implement policy Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

25. Global/Regional policy Applying ‘Headline Indices’: • achieving the Millennium Development Goals: • Reducing poverty and hunger • Health and education outcomes • Gender equality • Environmental improvement • linking Transport outcomes to other key targets: • Rural Access and Emergency Transport • Urban Mobility • Transport Cost and Modal Share • Quality of key Infrastructure Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

26. MDG Targets Transport Targets for MDGs MDG 1 Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger Rural Access to inputs and markets, and generation of employment opportunities, improved by halving the proportion of rural population living beyond 2 km of an all-season road The difference in average Transport Cost between Africa and Asia narrowed down by 50% MDG 2 + 3 Univ’al primary education & gender equality Rural Access and Urban Mobilityimproved to eliminate constraints on the time which all children have to participate in education and to enable effective education to be delivered and reached safely MDG 4 + 5 Child Health and Maternal Mortality Rural Access and Urban Mobilityimproved for reliable supply of inputs to health facilities, to provide affordable access for all households and to enable cost effective outreach health Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria Source: Africa:Transport and the Millennium Development Goals: April, 2005

27. National policy – rural access • Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy: • Reduction of rural transport constraints is a key National objective requiring some Provinces to act • Vietnam Living Standards Survey: • Rural Access Indicator can be updated biennially • State grants on the basis of need for Provinces to contribute to CPRGS • Allocations considered on the basis of Poverty Rate, Population and lack of Rural Access Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

28. Sub-national dis-aggregated data can help to target national resources Targeting poverty in Vietnam Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

29. Provincial allocation – rural access alloc = b + fn (poverty rate) . (population) . (lack of access) Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

30. Africa Region: Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Programme Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

31. Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

32. Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

33. Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria

34. Information is on WB web page: Home > Topics in Development > Transport >Social Responsibility >Transport and Health Home > Topics in Development > Transport > Transport Resultsto be updated on CD log on! Transport Indicators Workshop, Pretoria