150 likes | 260 Views
HOW THE HIGHEST SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS DEPEND ON HIRSCH INDEXES OF THEIR AUTHORS. N.L.Istomina , A.M.Romanov , and M.Yu.Romanovsky Physical Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences International conference Scientometrics : status and prospects for development Moscow, 10-12 October 2013.
E N D
HOW THE HIGHEST SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENTS DEPEND ON HIRSCH INDEXES OF THEIR AUTHORS N.L.Istomina, A.M.Romanov, and M.Yu.Romanovsky Physical Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences International conference Scientometrics: status and prospects for development Moscow, 10-12 October 2013
contents • What was proposed by H.Hirsch • Distribution of scientists over h-index? • H.Hirsch distribution of Nobel Prize Winners h-index • Method of investigations • Results • Some conclusions
the highest scientific achievements are represented by Nobel Prize for physics, chemistry, medicine and physiology (“biology”) Abel and Fields Prizes for mathematics in this study
h-index • h-index: h articles of the author with the number of citation ≥ h. • h-index of Nobel Prize Winners for 1985-2004 in physics is between 22 and 79 [Hirsch 2005]: 39 his versus 49 right • Hirsch hypothesis: • h ~ mn • n is the number of working years • m is the coefficient introduced by H.Hirsch;
proposals of J.Hirsch • h-index of 20 after 20 years of scientific activity, characterizes a successful scientist. • h-index of 40 after 20 years of scientific activity, characterizes outstanding scientists, • likely to be found only at the top universities or major research laboratories. • h-index of 60 after 20 years, or 90 after 30 years, characterizes truly unique individuals. • for faculty at major research universities h∼ 10 to 12 might be a typical value for advancement to associate professor, h∼ 18 for advancement to full professor. Fellowship in the American Physical Society might occur typically for h ∼ 15 to 20. Membership in the US National Academy of Sciences may typically be associated with h ∼ 45 and higher.
distributions of scientists over h-index • no experimental measurements; • some reasonable speculations provide so-called stretch exponential (or Subbotin) distribution: • Where Ncis the number of scientists with such h-index = y.
real situation with h-index • h-index was introduced by the sloppy article: • 39 NPW instead of real 49; • empty close-to-zero area; • m-coefficient has not been accepted
empirical approach • Distributions of Nobel Prize winners in physics, chemistry, and “biology” for 1980-2012 as well as distribution of Abel and Fields Prices winners in mathematics for 1970-2013 were generated using WoS data. • Special attention was paid for small values of h-index as well as for large ones. Examples: • 7 physicists with small h-index of were specially checked; • h-index Raymond Davis Jr. was firstly detected as 121. “Cleaning” dropped it to 30
our distributions • h-index of Nobel prize winners in physics for 1980-2012 and Fields and Abel Prizes winners for 1970-2013 in mathematics were determined using WoS data for these years; • Results were refined in comparison with the Abstract of the talk. • h-index of Nobel prize winners in chemistry as well as in physiology or medicine for 1980-2012 were determined using WoS data for these years; • Results were new and not presented in the Abstract of the talk.
some conclusions • all distributions demonstrate clear drop with large values of h-index; • NPW distributions in chemistry and “biology” have maximum at h ~ 40; • the distribution for A&FPW in mathematics demonstrates dramatic (looks like exponential) drop for large h. • our measurements strictly unsupportH.Hirsch proposals due to the strong drop for large h.
separated h-index:for the USA; for other countries NPW in chemistry 1980-2012 NPW in physics 1980-2012
What does it mean? • USA distributions of NPW demonstrate some features of H.Hirsch proposals; • Distributions of NPW in other countries strictly opposite H.Hirsch proposals; • H.Hirsch proposals to estimate the individual scientific yield could be applied to the USA scientists at least roughly; • It cannot be applied for other countries.
Нобелевский лауреат 2013 г. Питер Хиггсявляется прекрасным примером того, что оценивая деятельность исследователей, нельзя опираться на формальные показатели, такие как индекс цитирования и/или индекс Хирша.«Самое главное — это то, что нужно экспертное мнение, ни в коем случае нельзя основываться только на формальных показателях.Наука настолько многообразна и настолько по-разному делается в разных областях, что одними критериями ее оценивать неправильно. Вот пример. Питер Хиггс имеет всего девять работ, но две из них попали в точку, и бозон назван его именем. Остальные работы малозаметны». Академик РАН Валерий Рубаков. Из интервью «Газете.Ru»21 августа 2013 г. 8 октября 2013 г. Нобелевский комитет согласился с мнением экспертов
В своей относительно недавней статье (Higgs, P, “PrehistoryoftheHiggsboson” COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE Volume: 8 Issue: 9 Pages: 970-972 (2007))П. Хиггс описывает свою историю создания его ныне знаменитой статьи, в которой и был предсказан «бозон Хиггса». Список литературы к этой статье состоит всего из 20-ти ссылок и содержит работы, по мнению П. Хиггса, оказавшие на него наибольшее влияние, а также статьи которые он использовал в своей работе. В частности он цитирует трёх российских авторов: 1. Боголюбова Николая Николаевича 2. Ландау Льва Давидовича 3. Гинзбурга Виталия Лазаревича