Describe the reflex arc shown in this diagram and state the use of reflexes

1. B5 REVISION – HOMESTASIS & RESPONSE What is homeostasis? Explain how negative feedback maintains internal conditions Describe the job of each hormone and where they are produced? FSH Oestrogen Progesterone LH Describe the reflex arc shown in this diagram and state the use of reflexes How are hormones used in reducing fertility? Describe how IVF is carried out Give 2 differences between hormonal and nervous response List 3 glands and state what hormone they make Describe how blood sugar levels are controlled? Describe the two types of diabetes What makes up the CNS & what does it do? What is a synapse?

2. B6 Inheritance & variation Define: Genotype Phenotype: Heterozygous Homozygous Recessive Dominant What is meiosis? Why is it important? How does it help generate variation? What does DNA stand for? What is a gene? What is the genome? How many chromosomes in a) gamete and b) somatic cell? What is Cystic Fibrosis and what causes it? Draw the punnet's square for 2 CF carriers What is polydactyly? Draw the punnet's square for a woman who has it a father who doesn’t, who have 3 children, with only one who has it. Give 2 arguments for and 2 against screening embryos for genetic diseases What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction? What are the two main causes of variation?

3. B6 Evolution Describe Darwin’s theory of evolution How do these fossils support the theory of evolution What are fossils? How are they formed? What can we learn from fossils? Why do we describe fossil records as incomplete? What is extinction? What are the 5 main causes of extinction? How does speciation happen? How might farmers use selective breeding? What is a drawback of selective breeding?

4. B6 – Genetic engineering & classification What is classification? What are the three main domains? Who proposed it? What is an evolutionary tree? What is the binomial system? Name the 2 groups organisms can be grouped into. What is genetic engineering? What uses does GM have? Describe how genetic engineering is carried out List 2 pros and 2 cons of GM: How do antibiotic resistant bacteria evolve? Why is it becoming worse?

5. B7 Ecology Define the following Habitat: Population: Community: Abiotic: Biotic: Ecosystem How are animals adapted to different environments? Give examples Describe how to use a quadrat to study the distribution of a plant in a meadow What is a transect and how are they used? What do organisms compete for and why? List three biotic and three abiotic factors Biotic: Abiotic Describe and explain the graph

6. B7 Ecology Explain how water availability, temperature and atmospheric gases can affect the distribution of organisms Describe the steps in the carbon cycle Explain what causes global warming and its effects: What do we need a high biodiversity? Explain 2 conflicting pressures on maintaining biodiversity Describe the steps in the water cycle Describe how deforestation and destruction of peat bogs affects the planet Describe the ways we pollute the air, land & water