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10/16/2014

10/16/2014. Take our your worksheet from yesterday! Complete your WS on determining the identity of an element before your Bell Ringer. If you get finished, copy the Bell Ringer into your journal and answer the questions. TEST tomorrow so look over your notes NOW.

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10/16/2014

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  1. 10/16/2014 • Take our your worksheet from yesterday! • Complete your WS on determining the identity of an element before your Bell Ringer. • If you get finished, copy the Bell Ringer into your journal and answer the questions. • TEST tomorrow so look over your notes NOW.

  2. Thursday 10/16/2014 Bell Ringer:Write and complete the statements. • The identity of an element is determined by _______________. • In a neutral atom, the # of protons equals the # of ____________. • The # of neutrons can change. Neutrons add ________ to the atom.

  3. Thursday 10/16/2014 Bell Ringer:Write and complete the statements. • The identity of an element is determined by # of protons in the nucleus. A=P • In a neutral atom, the # of protons equals the # of electrons. A=P=E • The # of neutrons can change. Neutrons add mass to the atom.

  4. Elements are made of only 1 kind of atom, and the atom is identified by the # of protons in the nucleus.

  5. Mass • Mass is the amount of matter in something. • The unit of measure for atoms is amu (atomic mass unit)

  6. Atomic Mass Unit 1 atomic mass unit = 1.66053886 × 10-27 kg Kg is Kilograms

  7. Relative Mass of Subatomic Particles

  8. What is a Symbol?

  9. Elements and Chemical Symbols Chemical Symbols / Element Names H Hydrogen Cl Chlorine C Carbon O Oxygen Co Cobalt

  10. Writing Chemical Symbols 1. First letter is capitalized 2. Second letter is lower case 3. NO period at the end H Cl O Hg Fe Sn C He

  11. Does it really matter? Co or CO

  12. Co • Cobalt-60, extensively used as a tracer and a radiotherapeutic http://members.tripod.com/duebills/27.html

  13. Co • Alloys for metals used in jet turbines

  14. CO Kills 200 People in United States http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/466.html

  15. CO Produced by Incomplete Burning of Fossil Fuels

  16. oxygen carbon CO Compound carbon monoxide • Colorless • Odorless • Poisonous gas

  17. Think before you write a Element’s Symbol

  18. Elements are substances: • That cannot be broken down into other substances • Made of atoms with the same number of protons in the nucleus

  19. Elements are listed on the Period Table

  20. Use your copy of the Periodic Table of Element Correctly write the symbol for: C • Carbon • Nitrogen • Oxygen • Iron • Chlorine N O Fe Cl

  21. Atomic Number Number of Protons in every Atom of that Element

  22. What is the name of the element with the following number of protons? Helium • 2 • 6 • 8 • 11 • 47 Carbon Use the Periodic Table Oxygen Sodium Silver

  23. Protons + electrical charge + Neutron No electrical charge Electrons - electrical charge -

  24. Neutral Atoms (Atoms without Electric Charge) Have equal numbers of: • Protons (+ charges) • Electrons (- charges)

  25. A=P=E • Atomic # = # Protons = # Electrons • Because the number of positive charges equals the number of negative charges, the atom is neutral (no charge)

  26. How many electrons? 1 proton 9 protons 99 protons 1 electron 9 electrons 99 electrons

  27. Atomic Mass The atomic mass is listed on the individual element card on the Periodic Table.

  28. Isotopes • Not all atoms of the same element have the same number of neutrons. Most Carbon atoms have 6 neutrons, although some have more and some have less. Atoms of the same element with differing numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. The number of neutrons does not change the atom or the element it makes up; it just changes the mass of the atom. Most elements have isotopes.

  29. Atomic Mass Number Protons + Neutrons To calculate # of neutrons 1. Round the Mass Number to the nearest whole number Round to 28

  30. Atomic Mass Number Protons + Neutrons Calculate # of neutrons 2. Subtract Atomic Number From Mass Number 28 (Mass #) -14(Atomic #)14 Neutrons

  31. To find the AVERAGE # of Neutrons in the atom • Round the atomic mass to a whole # • Subtract the # of protons (also the atomic #) • The difference is the average # of neutrons in the nucleus. M – A = N M is the Mass # (atomic mass) A is the atomic # (# of protons) N is the # of neutrons

  32. Use the Periodic Table and Math Skills to fill in the blanks

  33. # protons is the atomic # protons + neutrons = mass # #electrons = # protons

  34. Part 2

  35. Compounds 2 or More Elements Chemically Combined 2-H: 1-O Hydrogen Hydrogen Oxygen

  36. H H Ratio 2:1 1 is not shown O H2O Formulas use element symbols with subscript numbers Water

  37. Change the ratio Change the substance 2:2 Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2 Subscript numbers http://www.wonderquest.com/images/2003-08-08-peroxide.jpg

  38. No subscripts?? NaCl Salt 1Na 1Cl 2 How many elements?

  39. C6H12O6 Sugar How many elements? 3 How many hydrogen atoms? 12

  40. Use your Periodic Table √Check your understanding

  41. 1. The symbol for carbon is – A Ca B c C CA D C

  42. 1. The symbol for carbon is – A Ca Incorrect: Symbol for calcium B c Incorrect: 1st letter is always a capital

  43. 1. The symbol for carbon is – C CA Incorrect: C is carbon There is no element with the symbol A D C Correct: Capital C is the symbol for carbon

  44. 2. How many protons are in an atom of sodium? A 11 B 12 C 23 D 34

  45. 2. How many protons are in an atom of sodium? A 11 B 12 Correct: atomic # is 11 Incorrect: 12 is the number of neutrons

  46. 2. How many protons are in an atom of sodium? C 23 D 34 Incorrect: 23 is the mass number Incorrect: No subatomic particle # is found by adding the atomic and mass numbers

  47. How many neutrons are there, if the mass number is 1 and the atomic number is 1? A 3 B 2 C 1 D 0

  48. How many neutrons are there, if the mass number is 1 and the atomic number is 1? A 3 B 2 Incorrect: There may be more or less neutrons than protons Incorrect: No subatomic particle # is found by adding the atomic and mass numbers

  49. How many neutrons are there, if the mass number is 1 and the atomic number is 1? Incorrect: There is 1 proton & 1 electron C 1 D 0 Correct: 1-1 = 0

  50. How many electrons are in an atom of Cl? A 17 B 18 C 35 D 0

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