Good morning !

1. Good morning ! Non-restrictive attributive clauses 扬大附中东部分校高一英语组李金富制作

2. 课题说明 非限制性定语从句是高中语法一大难点，同时也是重点，所以讲解难度较大，我准备以先引导学生回忆限制性定语从句开始然后进入比较，通过比较让学生总结出“非限制性定语从句”的特征，然后分几个方面对非限制性定语从句加以举例说明，并配以相应的例题和习题。最后通过大量经典习题加以巩固，达到理论联系实际的目的。以下是具体的教学流程。

3. 何为定语从句？ 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,一般位于所修饰的先行词之后.

4. 定语从句 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句 定语从句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句

5. 限制性定语从句的构成 The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied. 注意事项: 1.从句的位置: 2.翻译方法: 3.引导词： 先行词之后 “….的” 关系代词 关系副词 关系词

6. 非限制性定语从句 Please compare: Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Li,who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Yang zhou ,where I live, is beautiful. 能否省略 作定语 …的 没有逗号 修饰限定 不能 与主句分开翻译 用逗号与主句隔开 插入成分 补充解释 能

7. 总结：定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，是句子不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句要表达的主要意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：总结：定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密，是句子不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句要表达的主要意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： • This is the house which we bought last month. • 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（ ）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. • 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的.（ ） 限制性 非限制性

8. Non-restrictive attributive clause 非限制性定语从句主要用来添加额外的信息 1. e.g. Amy,who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important. 从句只是提供了额外的信息，对先行词作附加的说明，去掉从句后, 主句意思还是完整的.

9. 2.非限制性定语从句和主句之间是并列句关系. His sister, who is studying in England, will be back this summer. His sister who is studying in England will be back this summer. 他姐姐在英国留学，今年暑假准备回来。（并列句） 他在英国留学的姐姐今年暑假准备回来。（单句）

10. 3.That不可以引导非限制性定语从句，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可以省略。3.That不可以引导非限制性定语从句，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可以省略。 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.

11. 4.非限制性定语从句还可以修饰前面的整个主句，4.非限制性定语从句还可以修饰前面的整个主句， （关系词用which）这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数， He missed the show, whichwas a great pity. . ——————————

12. More examples: • He was very rude to the custom officers, which of course made things even worse. • The result of the experiment was very good, which we hadn’t expected.

13. 典型例题 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _____, of course, made the others envy him. (2004, 天津卷) A. who B. that C. what D. which D

14. D Carol said the work would be done by October, _____ personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which

15. 5.most\all\some\both\part等名词\代词/数词＋of＋whom\which 表示从句修饰的是先行词所表述范围的整体或部分

16. 典型例题 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that A

17. Translation 1.他有三个儿子，其中有两个是医生。 2.中国有成百上千的岛屿，其中最大的一个是台湾岛。 He has three sons, two of whom are doctors. China has hundreds of islands, the largest ofwhich is Taiwan.

18. 综合练习： • I have many friends, _______ some are businessmen. A. why B. from which C. who of D. of whom D

19. 2．Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what B

20. C 3．I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that

21. 4. He was educated at a local grammar school, _______ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this C

22. 5. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped. A. when B. which C. what D. that A

23. 6. Jim passed the driving test, _______ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it A

24. 7. Her sister has become a lawyer, _______ she wanted to be. A. who B. that C. what D. which D

25. 8. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _______ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that A

26. A 9.There were dirty marks on her trousers _______ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that

27. 10.The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ______ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which A

28. B 11.There was ______ time _______ I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when

29. 6 .as(关系代词）引导的非限制性定语从句, 指代整个主句 as 常译为”正如…..一样” “正像……一样”. As was natural, they fell in love. 地球人都知道，我们的英语老师是男人。 As we all know, our English teacher is a man. 此外as 还用于 the same …as , such …as 中指代单个先行词 I want to buy the same pen as you bought yesterday.. I don’t like such people as you talked about .

30. 练练吧 as 1.He is such a clever boy ____ can solve all the questions. 2.He is such a clever boy ____ he can solve all the questions. 3.This is such an interesting book ____ interests all students. 4.This is such a difficult problem ____ no one can work it out . 5.This is such a difficult problem ____ no one can work out . 6.I bought the same pen___ he used just now . that as that as as

31. that as 7.I want to borrow the same pen ___ you used just now. 8. He is a hard-working student, ___ we all know. 9.____ we hoped, he came to help us. 10. ___ was planned, the work was finished on time. As As

32. Homework 1.Review what have been learned after class. 2.Find out the non-restrictive attributive clauses on P42-43 in your textbook.

33. Thank you for your attending ! Thanks for your kind attending!

34. 2nd period: Question tags Grammar and usage

35. Do you say “I love you” to your parents, how do you say?

36. Sometimes, you can ask: You love me, don’t you?

37. This kind of sentence is called question tag. Question tags are short questions that come at the end of statements.

38. Question tags can be used when you… • ask for agreement e.g. You still go to the gym every day, don’t you ? • ask for confirmation e.g.You still go to the gym every day, don’t you?

39. Notice: 1.We use a negative question tag at the end of a positivestatement; we use a positive question tag at the end of a negative statement.

40. Looking good is important to women, isn’t it? I was very lucky, wasn’t I? We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look, should we?

41. 2. Words like neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little, never, hardly or seldom are considered negative.

42. Neither of you will have coffee, will you? • No onehas found my CD, have they? • Nobodyunderstood his speech, did they? • His sister seldomargues with people, does she?

43. 3. We use a personal pron. like I, we, you, he, she, it or they in a question tag. e.g.You wouldn’t like to take these pills, would you? Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, haven't they?

44. 4. We use an auxiliary verb, model verb or be in a question tag. eg: You like traveling, don’t you? eg: You can’t speak Italian, can you? eg: There is something wrong, isn’t there?

45. 5. After an imperative clause, we use will you. After Let’s, we use shall we. e.g.Post a letter for me, will / won’t you? e.g. Let’s have a break, shall we? Let us go swimming , won’t you ?

46. 1. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________? (2004上海春考) A. didn’t they B. don’t they C. mustn’t they D. haven’t they D

47. It must have rained last night , _____? A . didn’t it B. hasn’t it C. haven’t it D. mustn’t it A

48. 2. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ______? A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he A

49. neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little, never,hardly,seldom will you Neither of you will have coffee, ________? His sister seldom argues with people, _________? does she isn’t he He is unhappy, _____________? He dislikes the book, _______________? doesn’t he don’t they Everyone knows the answer, __________? everybody, everyone, someone, no one, nobody, somebody

50. isn’t it Everything is all right, ___________? Everything, anything, something, nothing, this ,that, it To get rid of a bad habit is not easy, is______? Doing morning exercises has helped to improve her health, __________? hasn’t it usedn’t he/ didn’t he He used to get up early,_________________?