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Wave Properties

Wave Properties. A transverse wave can be created in a rope if the rope is stretched out horizontally and the end is vibrated back-and-forth in a vertical direction. The line drawn through the center of the diagram represents the rest position of the string.

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Wave Properties

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  1. Wave Properties

  2. A transverse wave can be created in a rope if the rope is stretched out horizontally and the end is vibrated back-and-forth in a vertical direction.

  3. The line drawn through the center of the diagram represents the rest position of the string. • crest: the point on the medium which exhibits the maximum amount of positive or upwards displacement from the rest position. • trough of a wave is the point on the medium which exhibits the maximum amount of negative or downwards displacement from the rest position. • amplitude of a wave refers to the maximum amount of displacement of a particle on the medium from its rest position.

  4. Based on the previous definition what is amplitude a measure of? • It is a measure of the energy the wave caries.

  5. Which one do you expect to have a higher amplitude? Circle the right answer. • Waves of bright light or waves of dim light? • Bright light • Waves of loud noises or soft sounds. • Loud noises • Waves of hurricane or ripples on a pond. • Hurricane

  6. wavelength of a wave is simply the length of one complete wave cycle. It is a distance from crest to crest or from trough to trough. • Draw 2 wave diagrams with different wavelengths:

  7. For a Compressional wave, the wavelength is the distance between adjacent compressions or rarefaction. See fig 14.8; p 396 • Based on Figure 14-9 on page 396, which waves have longer wavelengths? Radio waves or visible light waves? • Radio waves • What is the difference between red light and green light? • Red light has longer wavelength than green light.

  8. 1. The wavelength of the wave in the diagram above is given by letter ______.  A 2. The amplitude of the wave in the diagram above is given by letter _____. D

  9. 3. Indicate the interval which represents one full wavelength. • a. A to C b. B to D c. A to G d. C to G Answer D

  10. Wave Speed and Frequency • The speed of an object refers to how fast an object is moving and is usually expressed as the distance traveled per time of travel. • Why do you see the lightening before you hear the thunder? • Light travels mush faster in air than sound does. • For example light travels through air at speed of 300 million/sec. Speed of sound through air is 340 m/s.

  11. Why the speed of sound varies as it goes in the materials listed in the table? Speed of sound depends on the type of the medium and the temperature of the medium.

  12. The number of waves that pass a given point in 1 second is called the wave frequency . The unit is hertz (HZ) or Waves / second • Question 1- A tennis coach paces back and forth along the sideline 10 times in 2 minutes. The frequency of her pacing is ________ Hz. • a. 5.0 • b. 0.20 • c. 0.12 • d. 0.083 • Answer D: 10/ ( 2*60)= .083 HZ

  13. 2-Non-digital clocks (which are becoming more rare) have a second hand which rotates around in a regular and repeating fashion. The frequency of rotation of a second hand on a clock is _______ Hz. • a. 1/60 • b. 1/12 • c. 1/2 • d. 1 • e. 60 answer : 1/60

  14. Waves with longer wavelengths have lower frequencies. Fewer long waves pass a given point in 1 sec. • Based on figure 14-9 on page 396 which waves have the highest frequencies? • Gamma Rays

  15. We can use wave frequency to calculate its speed: • Wave frequency * wave length =Wave speed • Question 3- A sound wave has a frequency of 266 Hz and a wavelength of 1.29m. what is the wave’s speed? Speed= 266* 1.29= 343.14 (m/sec) • Question 4- If a sound wave traveling through water has a speed of 1470 m/s and a frequency of 2340 Hz, what is its wavelength? • 0.63 M

  16. Homework • 1- the speed of light varies. The speed of light in vacuum is 300 million m/sec • 2- the frequency increases as the wavelength decreases • 3- rarefaction • 4-Waves having large amplitudes carry more energy than waves with small amplitudes • 5-The waves that make up green light have shorter wavelengthand higher frequency

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