A New Way to Hear

1. The Scientific Method - A method for investigating, learning, and questioning the world around us. - A specific thought process that includes the following stages: - Question - Purpose - Hypothesis - Experiment (Materials and Procedure) - Results and Observations - Conclusion/Discussion A New Way to Hear Gecko's Feet Weird Science!

3. Variable Identification - Identify the dependent, the independent and the control variable(s) in the following situations.

4. Pick and describe a variable below then pop the balloon to check your answer. Factors that are all kept the same except for the variable changed. The factor that may change as a result of the variable being tested. The variable that is purposely changed in an experiment.

5. Situation 1 Tom planted bean seeds in 3 rectangular shape containers. The ends of 10 seeds were pointed up. Ten seeds were pointed down and ten were pointed sideways. All seeds were covered with soil. same type of rectangular container, same type of soil, same amount of light, same amount of temperature and same temperature - What others can you think of? Control Variables Different directions the seeds were planted Independent Variable Dependent Variable Amount of growth of the plant

6. Situation 2 Alissa tested an electromagnetic system she made. She wrapped a wire around a battery and a nail. Different sized nails were used and the number of paper clips the electromagnet picked up was measured by how many paper clips were picked up. Same brand, age and size of battery, same type and length of wire, wire should be wrapped around the nail the same number of times, nails should be exactly alike except for size--What others did you think of? Different sizes of nails Control Variables Independent Variable How many paper clips the electromagnet picked up. Dependent Variable

7. Situation 3 Fans should be: same voltage same number of blades tested from same distance and number of times tested from same setting fan blade should have same diameter What other variables can you think of to control? Control Variables Different brands of fans Independent Variable Pete wanted to find out which brand of fan would produce the greatest amount of wind force. He used a wind gauge to measure wind speed. Amount of wind force Dependent Variable

8. Situation 4 same size and type of egg, egg should be positioned the same each time, eggs should be same temperature, should be dropped on the same type of surface,---What other's control variables can you think of? Control Variables Height from which an egg is dropped Independent Variable Does the height from which an egg is dropped effect the size of the egg's splatter? Dependent Variable Size of the egg's splatter

9. You grow African violets for a hobby and notice that violets kept at warmer temperatures grow better. Based on your observations, you wonder what the proper temperature is for watering plants.

10. Forming a Hypothesis Offers an explanation for an observation. Refers to only ONE independent variable. Written as a statement, not a question. Testable by experimentation. Written as an "if...then..." statement. If the __________________ is _______________, then the ________________ will ______________. independent variable describe how you change it dependent variable describe the effect

11. Hot & Cold Plants Problem: How does temperature affect plant growth? Hypothesis: If the __________________ is _______________, then the ________________ will ______________. CONTROLLED VARIABLES independent variable describe how you change it DEPENDENT VARIABLE describe the effect dependent variable INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Method: 1. Plant four bean seeds in identical pots containing the same amount and kind of soil. 2. Label the pots A, B, C, and D. Place them in the same sunny window. 3. On Mondays and Fridays, water each plant with 125 mL of water at the following temperatures: Plant A: Room temperature (25* C) Plant B: Hot tap water (60* C) Plant C: Ice water (5* C) Plant D: Boiling water (100* C) 4. At the end of 30 days, measure the height of the plants in centimeters..

12. The Experiment... Contains: * an independent variable * a dependent variable * a control * constants A list of materials Numbered steps Specific, like a recipe Includes multiple trials

13. Graphing Variables Drag the correct label to each axis. D- Dependent Variable I- Independent Variable X axis Y axis Check answers on next page when finished.

14. DRY MIX and Variables D- Dependent Variable R- Responding Variable Y- Y axis A clever way to remember where each variables goes on a graph is the saying DRY MIX . Discus and create another clever way to remember. M - Manipulated Variable I- Independent Variable X axis

15. An Eggsperiment... Can an Egg Float? Problem: Will fresh eggs float in salt water? Hypothesis: If the __________________ is _______________, then the ________________ will ______________. independent variable describe how you change it describe the effect dependent variable Materials: A raw egg, in its shell Table salt 400 mL beaker Warm tap water Metric ruler Plate Graduated cylinder Plastic spoon Procedure: 1. Fill beaker with 250 mL warm water. 2. Place egg into the beaker. 3. Measure the distance from the bottom of the beaker to the top of the egg in centimeters. 4. Remove the egg and place it on the plate. 5. Add 5 g of salt to the water and stir until dissolved. 6. Place egg back in the beaker and measure. 7. Repeat Steps 5 & 6 using a total of 10, 15, and 20 g of salt. 8. Remove the egg. Discard the salt solution. Rinse the glass thoroughly and repeat Steps 1-7 three more times, for a total of four trials.

16. Recording & Graphing Data Dependent variable Independent variable