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Importance of Standardisation – The Business Case

Importance of Standardisation – The Business Case. DKE 952 Dortmund, 26. August, 2003 Wolfgang Maerz MCC wolfgang.maerz@t-online.de. The IEC.

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Importance of Standardisation – The Business Case

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  1. Importance of Standardisation – The Business Case DKE 952 Dortmund, 26. August, 2003 Wolfgang Maerz MCC wolfgang.maerz@t-online.de

  2. The IEC • Founded in 1906, the International Electrotechnical Commission prepares andpublishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and relatedtechnologies.The Commission’s objectives are to: • meet the requirements of the global market efficiently; • ensure primacy and maximum world-wide use of its standards andconformityassessment schemes • assess and improve the quality of products and services covered by itsstandards • establish the conditions for the interoperability of complex systems • increase the efficiency of industrial processes • contribute to the improvement of human health and safety • contribute to the protection of the environment

  3. WTO and IEC • The World Trade Organisation‘s (WTO) • „Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade“ (TBT) • makes standardization and the • assessment to conformity of standards • an important part of the global trade agenda and • cites the IEC As one of the • major partners to establish standards for trade.

  4. Secretary: Dr Andreas Huber(Siemens, Germany) Chairman: Mr Thierry Lefebvre (EdF, France) IEC TC 57Power System Control and associated Communications TC 57 consists of 24 P-member and 11 O-member countries Scope To prepare international standards for power system control equipment and systems - including EMS, SCADA, Distribution Automation, Teleprotection and associated communications such as power line carrier - used in the planning, operation and maintenance of electric power systems. Power systems control comprises control within control centres, RTUs and substations including telecontrol and interfaces to equipment, systems and databases outside the scope of TC57.

  5. Power Generators 380 / 220 kV and higher Transmission Grid Supply Point 110 kV Control Centres - Transmission- Distribution - Energy management - Asset management- Trouble call - etc Bulk Supply Point 30 kV Distribution Rural Distribution Primary Distribution 10 kV substations - transmission - primary - secondary - etc Secondary Distribution Industrial Distribution Urban Distribution Standard domain of IEC TC 57

  6. Power System Communication Architecture Application Domain Administrative Services Communication Level CIM - Common Information Model Power Model OM Object Models SM Service Models CNM Network Management SA SCADA SA Switches SA Power Transformer SA C/V Transformer DP Wind turbines DP Fuel cells DP Photovoltaic SEC Security CFL Configuration Language CP Communication Profiles Serial interfaces in primary equipment Primary Equipment Substation (PES) Distributed Energy Resources (DER)

  7. Content • From interfaces to architectures • The notion of Communication Interfaces • The development of Communication Interfaces over the time • The evolving of Communication Architectures • The future seamless Communication Architecture • The importance of international standards for • Economy of countries • Multinational vendor corporations • Small-to-medium-sized vendor enterprises • System operators (users) • Energy market participants

  8. From Standards to Business

  9. World Electricity Market – 2,385 Billion € 1) 100% Other 7,8 90% 6,2 Consumer Electronics 5,4 80% 3,0 1,3 Houshold Appliances 70% Luminaires & Lamps 60% 911 Billion € 38,2 Medical Systems 50% Information Technology influences and Communications 40% Car Electric & Electronics 4,1 112 Billion € 4,7 30% Measuring & Automation 17,8 425 Billion € 20% Energy & Installation Equipment 10% Components 11,5 0% 1) 1999 % share

  10. Other Consumer Electronics Houshold Appliances Luminaires & Lamps Medical Systems Information Technology and Communications Car Electric & Electronics Measuring & Automation Energy & Installation Equipment Components World Electricity Market – growth rate in %/ a 1) 14 % 12,5 12,0 12 % 10 % 8 % technological drivers active! 5,5 6 % 4,5 3,5 4 % 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,0 2,0 2 % influences 0 % 1) 1999 % growth/ a old industry! 1) 1999

  11. 20 % Other 15 % Sensors & Actors 112 Billion € World-wide /a 1) 25 % Measurement & Controls 40 % Automation 2 % Automation system operators influences 2 Billion € /a 1) 1999 Market share of Measurement & Automation

  12. Life-Cycle Cost of Automation Systems 1) Maintenance 25 % Hard- and Software 10 % Too many Interfaces increase the overall cost! SW Upgrades 30 % 55 % Engineering 35 % Don‘t forget! 45 % 1) Automotive industry

  13. Interfaces Vendor Product Fitting together by standardized Interfaces User Market Region Operation

  14. Interfaces telecontrol Application Serial Link Communication • Standardisation • Object model • Services • Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7) • ExampleIEC 60870-6 • Telecontrol CC-CC TASE.2 (MMS) • ExampleIEC 60870-5 • Telecontrol -101, -102, -103, -104

  15. Interfaces in substation Application Communication Devices (IDEs) Bus • Standardisation • Device model • Object model • Services • Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7) • ExampleIEC 61850 • Substation bus (MMS, ..) • Process bus

  16. Interfaces in control centre Control centre Application Software External systems Application Software Components (multiple vendors) CIM Communication (legacysystems withadapter) IDL Integration Bus • Standardisation • Object model • Interfaces of Components • Communication Stack (CORBA, DCOM, ...) • ExampleIEC 61970, 61968 • Integration Bus (IB) • Common Information Model (CIM)

  17. Application Objects Objects Services Services Protocol Mapping Mapping Protocol Time 80‘s 90‘s 00‘s Bus Protocols IEC 60870-5/101 104 (IP routing) IEC 60870-6/TASE.2 (MMS) (IP routing) IEC 61850 (MMS, ...) IEC 61970 (CORBA, ..) IEC 61968 (CORBA, ..) Evolving of Communication Architectures

  18. Application Objects Logical Device(vendor specific) Services L. Node L. Node Mapping Object 00‘s Time Functional Group Bus Protocols Object Modelling of IEDs in Substation

  19. Modelling of real world devices Virtual device (circuit breaker) Real world device (circuit breaker) • Class_Name • attribute • attribute • ... • services • ... mapping • meta data

  20. $ ? Bill 1,000 € ? The Importance of Meta Data

  21. Conventional Web-based fixed Web-based mobile : anytime anywhere a seam Future SeamlessCommunication Architecture

  22. Seamless Definition • Seamless is defined on the abstract level for interoperability without data format and service conversion and does not exclude physical seams at various system levels if necessary • A system is seamless if the application layer data model (objects) and abstract services (ACSI, Abstract Communication Service Interface) are used throughout the system within the substation and for telecontrol to the control centre • This does not exclude different protocol stacks on different system levels the objects and services are mapped to, but the use of the same stack throughout the system simplifies it and allows potential additional cost savings.

  23. seamless coms : meta data configuration data real-time data UMTS GPS radio Seamless Communication Architecture (1) Control centre with CIM Web based mobile access1) Engineering Station Network OSI Layer 1-3 (IP) Substation Host (with Proxy) IEC 61850 Substation bus1) (7/3 layer) IED IEC 61850 Process bus1) (7/3 layer) HV/MV Equipment 1) and emergency system in case of data network or CC failure 1) substation bus / process bus can be identical (flat architecture)

  24. Control centre with CIM Other possibility with distributed remoteCC front end internal CC protocol seamless coms : meta data configuration data real-time data Network OSI Layer 1-3 (IP) Remote CC front end Substation Host (with Proxy) IEC 61850 Substation bus1) (7/3 layer) IED IEC 61850 Process bus1) (7/3 layer) HV/MV Equipment 1) substation bus / process bus can be identical (flat architecture) Seamless Communication Architecture (2)

  25. „Diamonds of SCADA/EMS“ Application API Objects High life > for ever Definition Services Mapping Medium life < 20 years Technology Telecontrol & Bus Protocols IEC 60870-6TASE.2 (MMS, ...) over IP IEC 61850-7 Substation Bus (MMS, ...) IEC 61970 Integration Bus (CORBA, ..) IEC 61968 Integration Bus (CORBA, ..) Communication Stack

  26. Substation: Process Substation:Station Control Centre Application Application Application API API API Objects May be the same! Services Mapping Mapping Mapping Ethernet Bus protocols Bus Protocols Bus Protocols IEC 61850-7 Station Bus (7 layer) IEC 61850-7 Station Bus IEC 60870-6TASE.2 IEC 61970/61968 Integration Bus / CIM IEC 61850-7 Process Bus (3 layer) Seamless Objects and Services seamless

  27. Web-based Intranet Web-based mobile Browser UMTS GPS • Coordinated Communications • Seamless Object Model • Seamless Virtual Communication Services • Independence of Protocol Implementation • Eliminating Gateways and Format Conversions • Reduced cost of implementation • Reduced cost of Maintenance • Reduced cost over the life cycle seamless coms Seamless with web-based technologies

  28. Example of seamless physical Architecture Control centre Substation Host with Proxy Engineering IEC 61850 for telecontrol Router IEC 61850 IEC 61850 Bay #1 Bay #2 Bay controller Relay A Relay B Switch 10 Mbit/s Bay controller Relay A Relay B BUS Switch 10 Mbit/s Switch 10 Mbit/s IEC 61850 IEC 61850 (flat switched Ethernet network) Modern Switchgear Modern CT / VT Modern Switchgear Modern CT / VT Same data model, services and protocol mappings

  29. Seamless also for decentralised wind power systems WIND TURBINE GENERATOR SYSTEMS IEC 61400 Part 25 - Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants communication based on IEC 61850 (i.e. ISO 9506; MMS) IEC TC 88 IEC TC 57 http://www.dispowergen.com

  30. Coming soon ... DER Distributed energy resources .. . decentralized communications for fuel cells and photo voltaic. communication based on IEC 61850 (i.e. ISO 9506; MMS) IEC TC 57

  31. External Process Net Subsidiary #1 System Operator Electricity Corporate Network Process Net ? #2 Generation Public Telecoms + Internet #3 System Operator Gas #4 Other System Operators #5 ? #n World Holding Need for a Security Framework

  32. Convergence Services Information Technologies & Communications Multimedia Applications Networks Terminals bang Seamless Seamless Control Objects Services Control Platforms Vision: Convergence and Seamless Control

  33. How the economies of countries benefit from international standardisation - the national macro economic view -

  34. International standardisation leads to cost savings of • about 1 % of the gross national product (GNP) 1). This • results to world-wide savings of about • 20 Million € of the EMS/SCADA market (2 Billion €) • 24 Billion € of the electricity product market (2,385 Billion €) • The impact of International Standardization on the economy • is greater then of those of patents and licences1) • Standardisation leads to technology transfer between • vendors • In the Standardisation process vendors learn of the • requirements of users 1) Research result (DIN Berlin, TU Dresden, FhG-ISI Karlsruhe), Germany, 2000

  35. How multinational vendorcorporationsbenefit from international standardisation- the global micro economic view -

  36. Since the middle of the 20th century, growth rates in • international trade and investment have exceeded • those of domestic economies. • Innovative vendors gain more than 50 % of there sales with • products < 5 years old and need standards for it • From this follows that standards must keep up with the • pace of innovation • Standardisation helps vendors to enter foreign markets • and profit from it.

  37. Developing anticipatory intelligence: • You can acquire information that enables you to anticipate, before other stakeholders, circumstances that have not yet widely manifested themselves.

  38. Using customer networks: • You can identify consumer needs and conceivenew products through networking with user representatives on standardscommittees and this may enhance the market success of new products.

  39. Saving time and money: • One of the goals of standardization is to makedesign and manufacturing simpler, cleaner, surer. • By using standards, youdon’t need to reinvent the wheel every time. Instead, you can focus yourefforts on adding something new to the wheel – something that will improvethe quality of life and that will contribute to technological progress. • Knowledge about standardization helps to research and invest in the right technology

  40. Improving safety and quality: • Nobody today can pretend to know all there isabout a certain technology. • Within IEC working groups you will encounterideas some of which will be new and valuable, others which may help you toavoid making costly mistakes.

  41. ABB • Using IEC international standards saves us time andmoney in our multi-million dollar transfer of technologyproject with Indian Railways. • Without IEC standards thisproject could not have been attempted. • Christian Vetterli • Technology Transfer Project Head

  42. Siemens • If customers don’t see the IEC present in the product, Siemens must justify why. The IEC has made globalization possible for Siemens ... • Without IEC standards, prices for • Siemens products would be much higher as they would have to adapt to different national requirements around the world. • Gerhard Goller • Head of Global Operations for High-Voltage Switchgear

  43. Vendors move to the markets • One world • One technology • One standard • IEC 61850 (substation bus & process bus & telecontrol) for • Electricity nets communications • Windmill turbines communications • Coming soon ... fuel cells communications

  44. How small-to-medium-sizedvendor enterprises benefit from international standardisation- the global micro economic view -

  45. Since the middle of the 20th century, growth rates in • international trade and investment have exceeded • those of domestic economies. • Standardisation helps SMEsto enter foreign markets • and profit from it.

  46. It is the received view that SMEs in technology-intensive industries have little possibility of setting either de jure or de facto standards. • While there may be far fewer de facto standards set by SMEs, nevertheless SMEs have important incentives for participating in international standardization. These incentives have to do with very important benefits related to strategic marketing advantages.

  47. Many new SMEs - particularly the high-tech or internet-related ones - are international right from the beginning, yet these companies often experience substantial problems and high failure rates when trying to penetrate foreign markets. • SMEs must address this from the beginning. One strategy they can use to penetrate successfully is being involved in international standardization.

  48. SMEs are able to provide third party equipment to systems of big vendors using standardized interfaces • SMEs can act as suppliers of big manufactures • SMEs mostly gain from technology transfer

  49. How System Operators benefitfrom international standardisation

  50. standards SCADA/EMS & Control Systems Vendors Products Construction Services requirements Asset- Management (ROI) Operation Power System Control Market Participants Engineering System services Balancing Metering Settlement Sales (fee of net and system servicesuse) Net Customers Fee comparison with other SOs Market rules and codes Regulation ROI driven System Operators

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