Properties of Acids and Bases

1. Properties of Acids and Bases

2. Taught By: Travis Bishop, Sam List and Destiny Miller !

3. Acids • Acids are compounds that produces hydronium ions (H3O+) when dissolved in water.

4. Bases Bases are compounds that produce hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. Bases fell soapy and slippery.

5. An example of an acid is when hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water and forms hydronium ions and chloride ions. HCl + H2O H3O + Cl–

6. An example of a base is when sodium hydroxide dissolves in water and it dissociates into sodium ions and hydroxide ions. NaOH Na+ + OH-

7. Some common acids are vinegar, carbonated beverages, fertilizer production, digestive juices in your stomach, and car batteries.

8. Some examples of bases are deodorant, antacids, concrete, plaster, laxatives, antacids, drain cleaner, and in soap production.

9. Types of Acids Monoprotic: a solution that produces one mole of H+ ions per mole of acid HCl, HNO3. Diprotic: a solution that produces two moles of H+ ions per mole of acid H2SO4. Triprotic: a solution that produces three moles of H+ ions per mole of acid H3PO4. Polyprotic: two or more H+ ions per mole of acid

10. Polyproticacids can be partially neutralized

11. Strengths of Acids Acids that are essentially 100% ionized inaqueoussolutions. Ex: HCl, HNO3, HClO4 They produce the maximum concentration of H+ (acid)=(H+)

12. Weak Acids • Acids that a partially ionized (usually less than 5%) in equilibrium. • HF + H2O(1) H3O+(aq)+F-(aq) • The forward and reverse reaction are occurring simultaneously most found as HF.

13. Strong Bases Those compounds that completely ionize in water produce OH- ions. NaHO(s) Na+(aq)+OH-(aq) Concentration of base = concentration of hydroxide ions.

14. Weak Bases NH3(aq)+H2O(1) NH4+(aq)+OH-(aq) Equilibrium lies far to the left (mostly reactants present).

15. pH Scale Another way of writing concentrations and is used to measure the acidity.

16. A way of measuring the strengths of acids and bases.