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The Cold War Divides the World

Explore the Cold War strategies, including foreign aid, espionage, propaganda, and surrogate wars, and understand the perspectives and goals of the American and Soviet ways. Also, examine the Third Way's ideas and evaluate its plausibility and flaws. Learn about key events like the Cuban Revolution, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Analyze the U.S.'s actions in Nicaragua, Cuba, and Iran, and the reasons behind Islamic fundamentalists taking control of Iran.

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The Cold War Divides the World

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  1. The Cold War Divides the World Ch 17 Sec 4

  2. Review • What does the term First World mean? • Second World? • Third World?

  3. Setting the Stage • Nations grouped into 1 of 3 “worlds” • Industrialized capitalists- U.S. • Communist- U.S.S.R. • Third World – developing nations, “nonaligned” with U.S. or U.S.S.R.

  4. #6) What advantages might being nonaligned have offered a developing nation during the Cold War? • What are some disadvantages?

  5. The American Way • Contain communism • Spread liberal democracy • Support American business • Spread capitalism and free trade • Oppose imperialism and support self- determination (as long as the movement is not communist)

  6. The Soviet Way • Oppose imperialism and self- determination • Spread communism and economic equality • Support communist parties abroad • Protect the Soviet Union

  7. So…what is the THIRD Way? • As you read the text, be able to answer: • 1) How might the author’s background, nationality and career influence his perspective • 2) What are at least 2 major ideas or goals from the source • 3) In the author’s opinion, what is the third way?

  8. The THIRD Way • Oppose colonialism and dependence on former imperialists • Avoid copying European/Western ideas • Develop industrial economies • End racism • Pursue non-alignment Is the THIRD WAY plausible? Is it flawed? Why or why not?

  9. Cold War Strategies • Foreign Aid • Espionage (CIA, KGB) - Central Intelligence Agency - KGB is the world’s largest spy and state-security machine, involved in all aspects of life of everyday people in the SU. • Multinational Alliances (NATO, Warsaw) • Propaganda • Brinkmanship • Surrogate Wars

  10. 1953Joseph Stalin dies and Nikita Khrushchev takes his place • Stalin Dies – 1953 • Nikita Khrushchev takes Stalin’s place

  11. 1950’s Cuba ruled by dictator Fulgencio Batista 1959 Fidel Castro leads revolution to overthrow FB Suspends elections, controls press, jails opponents Nationalized industries U.S. loses businesses Castro turns to Soviets for aid when Eisenhower orders a trade embargo on all trade with Cuba. Fidel Castro andCuban Revolution

  12. Give History Blueprint – CWW2.12 • Background of the Cuban Missile Crisis • Then, Second Declaration of Havana

  13. Stalin Dies – 1953 • Nikita Khrushchev takes Stalin’s place

  14. Bay of Pigs Invasion • 1960- CIA trains anti-Castro exiles • April 1961- they invade Cuba without air support • Cuba defends themselves and defeats U.S. –trained exiles

  15. 1961Eisenhower retires and John F. Kennedy takes his place

  16. The Cuban Missile Crisis The Cold War Gets HotHot”

  17. Causes • US had nuclear missiles in Turkey aimed at the SU • Turkey, like other countries in NATO alliance, worried about the willingness of the U.S. to use nuclear weapons against the S.U., should Moscow decide to invade Western Europe • American nuclear weapons (first deployed in Turkey in 1959) were considered to be a symbol of the American commitment to Turkish defense. • Soooo, naturally Khrushchev wanted missiles aimed at the U.S.

  18. Clip from Thirteen Days33:00 – 48:00

  19. President Kennedy’s Options • Order an air strike to try and destroy the missile sites, anti-aircraft units, and the Soviet-Cuban military power. • Order an invasion of Cuba to try and destroy the missiles and overthrow Fidel Castro’s communist government. • Order a naval blockade to prevent Soviet arms shipments to Cuba, and demand that the USSR remove all their military units or face a nuclear attack from the United States.

  20. Course • July 1962 - SU put nuclear missiles in Cuba aimed at the US • Oct 1962 - US setup a blockade (“quarantine”) of Cuba to prevent more missiles • SU challenged the blockade, but pulled back at the last second moment, avoiding nuclear war

  21. Standard 10. 9 Analyze the causes of the Cold War

  22. Consequences • Khrushchev agrees to remove missiles in exchange for U.S. not to invade Cuba • US and SU made a deal: • 1) SU took its missiles out of Cuba immediately • 2) US took its missiles out of Turkey six months later

  23. But WHAT IF… • CLOUDSOVERCUBA Play the WHAT IF Alternate History – let it finish to the end of the LEGACY wrap up

  24. #5) Why did the Soviet Union invade Afghanistan? • #7) What similarities do you see among the U.S. actions in Nicaragua, Cuba & Iran? • #8) What were the reasons that Islamic fundamentalists took control of Iran?

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