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BLOOD TYPES

BLOOD TYPES. REVIEW. What is an antigen? A substance that can cause an immune response What is an antibody? Proteins in the blood that help destroy foreign substances. The Blood Types Are. A B AB O. What determines blood type?.

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BLOOD TYPES

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  1. BLOOD TYPES

  2. REVIEW What is an antigen? A substance that can cause an immune response What is an antibody? Proteins in the blood that help destroy foreign substances

  3. The Blood Types Are A B AB O

  4. What determines blood type? • Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of antigens (proteins) on the surface of the red blood cells

  5. The antigens are called A and B • Blood type A has the A antigen • Blood type B has the B antigen • Blood type AB has both A and B antigens • Blood type O doesn’t have either antigen

  6. In addition, the plasma contains antibodies that react with the antigens the blood does not have (they detect foreign cells) • Blood type A contains anti-b antibodies • Blood type B contains anti-a antibodies • Blood type AB doesn’t have either antibody • Blood type O has both anti-a and anti-b antibodies

  7. Blood Donations • When transfusions were first attempted, death sometimes occurred due to the agglutination which is the clumping of blood.

  8. For a blood donation to be safe the recipients' blood must not contain antibodies that will react with the antigens on the donors red blood cells

  9. For Example: Would it be safe for a person with Type A blood to receive a transfusion from a person with type B blood? Why?

  10. No - because the Anti B antibodies in the A blood plasma will react with the B antigens on the B red blood cells and agglutination will occur.

  11. RH Factor • The Rh factor is another antigen found on the red blood cells of approximately 85% of the population • Rh positive people have the antigen • Rh negative people lack the antigen

  12. Rh factor • The Rh factor can be a problem when an Rh negative mother is pregnant with an Rh positive baby. • The mother will build antibodies against the child

  13. Rh factor

  14. BLOOD TYPES

  15. SAFE MATCHES FOR BLOOD DONATIONS

  16. BLOOD TYPE AB IS THE UNIVERSAL RECIEPENT • BLOOD TYPE O IS THE UNIVERSAL DONOR

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