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System Administration

System Administration. 4- NT/2000 Basics. Basic System Admin. Task. Startup and Shutdown System Needed after installing patches Hardware installs/upgrades OS installs/upgrades Power Problems Moving systems. Startup. Turn on system power. Post (power on self test)

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System Administration

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  1. System Administration 4- NT/2000 Basics

  2. Basic System Admin. Task • Startup and Shutdown System • Needed after installing patches • Hardware installs/upgrades • OS installs/upgrades • Power Problems • Moving systems

  3. Startup • Turn on system power. • Post (power on self test) • Maybe multiboot (select which OS - Dual boot systems) • Kernel and O.S. Loads • Master boot program loads (first sector on hard drive) • Master boot program reads partition table • ntldr (NT loader). Reads boot.ini (configuration info) • Ntdetect.com (detects hardware)

  4. Booting Problems? • Corrupted boot programs or partition tables? • Reboot off of install disks/cdrom and try to repair

  5. F2 and F8 • F2 on bootup • Enters setup (bios) • Can see system info, change boot sequence, set bios passwords, etc.. • F8 on bootup • Alternative boot methods • Include various safe modes, in case of corruption or boot problems

  6. System Shutdown • control-alt-delete • Lock workstation • Change password • Logoff • Task manager • Cancel • Shutdown (shutdown or restart) • Must be done properly, not just turn system off! (true of NT, Unix, all modern O.S. This is not DOS!) • Start menu -->shutdown • Shutdown (all the way and turn off power) • Restart (reboot) • Logout

  7. Screen Layout

  8. Start Button • Windows Update (patches) • Programs • Accessories (command prompt, calculator, clock, notepad..etc...) • Startup (startup scripts) • Admin Tools (Computer Management, Configure your Server, DHCP, DNS, Event Viewer, Performance, etc..) GUI based administrative tools • Settings • Control Panel • Printers • Taskbar • Search • Help • Run • Shutdown

  9. Default Icons (left side of screen) • IE, Recycle Bin (trash can), My Documents • Network Neighborhood (network info) • My Computer (info on hard drives, floppies, cdrom, control panel, etc..) • Taskbar - bar at the bottom of the screen • Contains start button • Shows running tasks/job • Right click on it --> task manager (gui tool) • Typical Windows Look and Feel!

  10. Command Prompt (dos and nt comands) • dir • c:\ Program Files (3rd party software) WINNT (NT/2000 operating system) WINNT\Temp (temp space) • dir /as • c:\ boot.ini pagefile.sys (page swapping space on disk) ntldr ntdetect.com • dir /a • AUTOEXEC.BAT • CONFIG.SYS (backward compatibility, zero bytes)

  11. Dir – GUI Approach • My Computer  Local Disk (C:) • Can view most files and directories/folders • To see all hidden and system files: • Tools Folder Options, Select “View” Tab • Click on “Show Hidden Files and Folders” • Uncheck “Hide protected Operating System Files” • GUI View

  12. Handy Tools

  13. Event viewer • Monitor system logs • start menu --> program --> admin tools --> event viewer • gui tool that monitors “events” • Includes system logs, security logs, and application logs

  14. When last booted? • Open a Command Prompt (dos) Window • Enter: c:\> net statistics server | more

  15. Computer Management • Main Admin Gui Tool. Contains many other gui tools • Available via control panel or under startprogramsadmin toolscomputer management • Includes tools for account management, log management, system info, performance monitoring, disk management, and others

  16. Managing Services(event logging, dhcp, tcp/ip, ups, etc..) • Control panel --> admin tools services • Server manager gui tool (start-->program-->admin tools--> server manager) • Monitor system services, including: DHCP server, DNS, Event log, Print Spooler, SMTP (email server), Task Scheduler, and many others • Allows one to view status of services, stop, pause, restart • Select Start-Up option (on bootup) • Select failure recovery options

  17. Task Manager - Manage Tasks (jobs/processes) • control-alt-delete --> task manager or right click on taskbar or command-line: taskmgr.exe • Applications and Processes: see whats running, end task • Performance: cpu usage, memory usage, basic stats

  18. User and Group Manager • StartProgramsAdmin ToolsComputer Management  Local Users and Groups • Account Creation/Deletion and Management • Username and group • Add, delete, or change any user information • Add: (pick New User) • Username, fullname, description, password, group, profile, home directory, dial-in access control • Delete: (highlight user name from list and pick Delete) • Change: (double click on any username, and then change information including password) • Set Password (highlight user name from list and pick Set Password) • Can also disable accounts, force password changes/expiration, add/remove users from groups

  19. The End

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