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Regulating the cell cycle

Honors Biology Chapter10 Section 3 SC B-2.7: Summarize how cell regulation controls & coordinates cell growth & division & allows cells to respond to the environment, and recognize the consequences of uncontrolled cell division. Regulating the cell cycle. Essential Question.

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Regulating the cell cycle

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  1. Honors Biology Chapter10 Section 3 SC B-2.7: Summarize how cell regulation controls & coordinates cell growth & division & allows cells to respond to the environment, and recognize the consequences of uncontrolled cell division Regulating the cell cycle

  2. Essential Question • How does cancer happen?

  3. Cell Cultures • Cells in a petri dish with appropriate nutrients will continue to grow until they come in contact with other cells: called • Contact Inhibition

  4. Contact Inhibition • similar controls in body • occurs in wound healing

  5. Cell Cycle & Its Regulators

  6. Cell Cycle Regulators: Cyclins • regulators are cell proteins (cyclins) • regulate timing of cell cycle in eukaryotic cells • dozens other proteins since discovered • Internal Regulators • External Regulators

  7. Internal Regulators • proteins that respond to events inside the cell • allow cell cycle to proceed once certain processes have been completed inside cell

  8. External Regulators • proteins that respond to events outside cell • direct rate of cell division • most important ones: • Growth Factors • important in embryonic development • also used in wound healing

  9. Uncontrolled Cell Division Cancer • cancer: disorder in which some of an organisms cells have lost ability to control growth • Cancer cells do not respond to signals that regulate cell division

  10. Cancer Cells have Loss of Contact Inhibition

  11. Causes of Loss of Control??? • appears to have many causes: • carcinogens • some affect internal regulators, some external regulators • defect in gene p53

  12. Carcinogens • Nicotine • Viruses • Hepatitis • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) • Bovine Papilloma Virus • Tobacco Virus • Radiation

  13. Cancer Cells

  14. Skin Cells

  15. Stomach Cells

  16. HeLa Cells • Henrietta Lacks died of cervical cancer in Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD in 1950’s • Biopsies of her cervix taken to researchers @Johns Hopkins where they were cultured &they are still growing!

  17. HeLa Cells • used in multiple medical areas: • development of Polio Vaccine • trip to the moon : What is the effect of weightlessness on rate of cell growth/division ? • cell cloning • gene mapping • hybrid cell lines

  18. HeLa Cells

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