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Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry. Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Common Household compounds. Acetic acid – Ethanoic acid (CH 3 COOH) Vinegar. Common Household Organic Compounds. Acetone Nail Polish remover. Common Household Organic Compounds. Acetaminophen Tylenol .

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Organic Chemistry

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  1. Organic Chemistry

  2. Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Common Household compounds • Acetic acid – Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) • Vinegar

  3. Common Household Organic Compounds • Acetone • Nail Polish remover

  4. Common Household Organic Compounds • Acetaminophen • Tylenol

  5. Common Household Organic Compounds • Acetylsalicylic acid • Aspirin

  6. Common Household Organic Compounds • Ibuprofen • Advil

  7. Common Household Organic Compounds • Ascorbic Acid • (5R)-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one • Vitamin C

  8. What is organic chemistry? • Organic Chemistry is the study of molecules that are composed of non-metals and contain C-H bonds (Exception HCN is inorganic). • Over 80 % of all chemicals we know today are organic. These include: Plastics Fuels Waxes Nylon Proteins Sugars

  9. Origin of organic compounds • Naturally occurring organic compounds are found in plants, animals, and fossil fuels. • All naturally occurring compounds are initially formed by fixation of CO2 by plants. Example photosynthesis (6CO2 +6H2OC6H12O6+6O2) • Synthetic compounds are made using fossil fuels or plant material as a starting material

  10. Question • Which of the following is NOT an organic compound • A – NaHCO3 • B – HCCl3 • C – C12H26 • D – C6H12O6

  11. Question • Which of the following is NOT an organic compound • A – NaHCO3 • B – HCCl3 • C – C12H26 • D – C6H12O6 • There is a metal (sodium) and there are NO C-H bonds!

  12. Why are there so many Organic compounds? • Because carbon forms strong covalent bonds to a large number of atoms • Carbon strongly bonds to other carbon atoms using single, double and triple bonds

  13. How do we keep track of so many compounds? • Luckily the organic compounds fall into “groups” known as functional groups • Each group exhibits a trend that allows us to predict the reactivity and trends (boiling point, melting point) of organic compounds that have a specific functional group

  14. Functional groups we will be discussing • Hydrocarbons • Alcohols • Carboxylic acids • Aldehydes • Keytones • Amines • Amides • Esters • Ethers

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