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Sanitation and waste water. How does it fit into the multiple use framework?. Background. MUS: how water services can meet people’s multiple demands Sanitation and wastewater are mentioned but not fully explored
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Sanitation and waste water How does it fit into the multiple use framework?
Background • MUS: how water services can meet people’s multiple demands • Sanitation and wastewater are mentioned but not fully explored • Objective: to explore linkages between sanitation, multiple use of water and livelihoods
Wastewater as source • Multiple sources for multiple uses • Wastewater (incl grey water) as complementary source • Faecal matter and urine as source of fertilizer • Advantages and risks • How to include it in planning?
Wastewater as source Issues • Quantity and reliability of waste water • Quality and health risks • (Partial) treatment technologies • Farmer practices • Handling of crops and health risks down the line • Acceptability: farmers, consumers, authorities • Institutional challenges
Multiple use generating waste • Productive activities may also generate more wastewater • Processing of coffee beans • Piggeries and poultry farms • … • Need to consider downstream impacts, requirements, and potential for re-use
Issues • Quality of wastewater • Collection and treatment • Reuse
Sanitation as livelihood • Sanitation may generate other livelihood opportunities: • Builders • Brick makers • Health workers • Pit emptying • … • Not always sustainable jobs – South Africa • How can livelihood and job opportunities be maximized around sanitation? • Is this of interest for the MUS Group
Outline session • Ann Thomas (IDRC): Reducing health risks for urban wastewater re-use • Adriaan Mels (WUR): Linking eco-sanitation and urban agricultural: adoption, system performance and user experiences in Sweden, Peru, China and the Netherlands • Discussion