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Coastal Resilience. Contents. Traditional approach Current trends: Coastal Resilience Soft measures Example projects Dune creation ‘Sandengine’ Artificial reef Natural material. Traditional Approach. Single problem owner Non-integrated approach Single aim: safety
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Contents • Traditional approach • Current trends: • Coastal Resilience • Soft measures • Example projects • Dune creation • ‘Sandengine’ • Artificial reef • Natural material
Traditional Approach • Single problem owner • Non-integrated approach • Single aim: safety • No socio-economic review • No interest in environment • Hard measurements RESULTS • Damaging impact • Loss of habitat & environment • Erosion other locations
Coastal Resilience Future risk Future risk developments impact Present risk Future risk Future risk Climate change Improvement works Improved hazard & warning preparedness Future risk probability
Coastal Resilience • What is Resilience? • Ability to withstand conditions beyond its design without catastrophic failure • Combination of solutions • Knowledge of interaction of the components • Understanding risk & failure mechanisms • Solution serves whole life performance not a standard
Soft Measures • “Soft where it can – hard where it must” • Emphasis on non-structural measures • Spatial planning • Public awareness • Flood warning • Natural materials • (Armoured) earth levees • Rocks & stones • Sand nourishment • Flexible • No large CapEx - Investments spread • Environmental friendly
“Sand Engine” (TUD/Deltares) • Not only beach, also under water • Sand requirements Dutch Coast rise • 12 Mln m3 20 Mln m3 • Sand nourishment – new peninsula
Natural Material: The Palms Palm Jumeirah – Palm Jebel Ali – Palm Deira REQUIREMENTS: • Shamal winds • 10-15 m deep sea • Limitation of wave run-up and overtopping • Protection at minimum costs • Natural look and feel, environmentally sound
Natural Material: The Palms DESIGN: • Use natural materials (coarse) sand, quarry run and rocks up to about 5 to 6 tonnes • Limit crest level to 1 m above reclaimed island to not disturb the view on the sea • Recreate life-sustaining ‘ecological networks’ on a massive scale