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The Ancient Middle East

The Ancient Middle East. Mr. Cameron Jeannette Senior High School. 6. The Persian Empire. The Persian Empire. The Persian Empire. Largest Empire in the World 539 B.C.—Conquered Babylon F rom The Nile to the Indus River Persia: Present-day Iran. Cyrus the Great.

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The Ancient Middle East

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  1. The Ancient Middle East Mr. CameronJeannette Senior High School

  2. 6. The Persian Empire

  3. The Persian Empire

  4. The Persian Empire • Largest Empire in the World • 539 B.C.—Conquered Babylon • From The Nile to the Indus River • Persia: Present-day Iran

  5. Cyrus the Great • A tolerant ruler  he allowed different cultures within his empire to keep their owninstitutions and religions • The Greeks called him a “Law-Giver” • The Jews called him “theanointed of the Lord” • In 537, he allowed over 40,000 toreturn to Palestine 580 – 530 B. C. E.

  6. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Built Persepolis • Extended the Persian Empire to theIndus River in India • 2 million. sq. mi. • Built canal in Egypt • Invaded Greece • Father of Xerxes

  7. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Established a tax-collecting system • Divided the empire into districts called SATRAPS • Built the great Royal Roadsystem • Established a complex postal system. • Created a network of spies called “the King’s Eyes and Ears”

  8. Why Did Darius Invade Greece? • Invaded in response to the Ionian Revolt • Greek city-states in Asia Minor, under Persian rule, revolted against Persian satraps • Revolting city-states were aided by Athens • First major conflict between Greece and Persia • Darius saw Greece as a threat to his empire

  9. Xerxes • Son of Darius • Invaded Greece after Darius’ death • Battled the Spartans at Thermopylae • Retreated to Asia • Left the conquest to his military commanders (Mardonius) • Persians defeated at the Battle of Plataea and the Battle of Mycale • Helped preserve western civilization

  10. Persian Immortals • 10, 000 Strong • Imperial Guard / Army • Wicker Shield • Short Spear • Bows and Arrows • Fought for: • Cyrus • Darius • Xerxes

  11. Persian Immortals

  12. Persian Archers & Soldiers

  13. Ancient Persepolis

  14. Persepolis

  15. The People of Persepolis

  16. Persian “Royal Road” • Provided a means of communication, trade, and government control

  17. Zarathustra [Zoroaster] 6th Century B.C.E.Good Thoughts, Good Deed, Good Words “Tree of Life”

  18. Dualistic Battle of Good vs. Evil Forces of good and evil battle each other…people must choose between them Ahura Mazda“Holy Spirit” Ahriman“Destructive Spirit” Influenced Judaism, Christianity, & Islam

  19. Extent of Zoroastrianism

  20. Zend-Avesta(The “Book of Law”) The “Sacred Fire”  the force to fightevil

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