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The Ancient Middle East

The Ancient Middle East. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY. Early People. Assyrians – Libraries Great Roads Strong Armies (Iron, chariots) Babylonians. Cyrus the Great. A tolerant ruler  a llowed different cultures to keep their own institutions.

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The Ancient Middle East

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  1. The Ancient Middle East Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. Early People • Assyrians – • Libraries • Great Roads • Strong Armies (Iron, chariots) • Babylonians

  3. Cyrus the Great • A tolerant ruler  allowed different cultures to keep their own institutions. • The Greeks called him a “Law-Giver.” • The Jews called him “the anointed of the Lord.” (In 537, he allowed over 40,000 to return to Palestine). 580 – 529 B. C. E.

  4. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Built Persepolis. • He extended the Persian Empire to the Indus River in northern India. (2 mil. s.q. mi.) • Built a canal in Egypt.

  5. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Established a tax-collecting system • Replaced the Tribute system. • Divided the empire into districts called SATRAPIES. • Built the great Royal Road system. • Established a complex postal system. • Created a network of spies called “the King’s eyes and ears.”

  6. Darius the Great(526 – 485 B. C. E.) • Created a Standing Army • Includes 10.000 “Immortals” • Tried to take Greece, but lost at the Battle of Marathon • His Son, Xerxes, will also fail • Beats the Spartan 300, but Loses to the Athenian Navy

  7. Ancient Persepolis

  8. Persepolis

  9. The People of Persepolis

  10. Persian “Royal Road”

  11. Persian Archers & Soldiers

  12. Fall of Persia • Rulers become greedy • Living in luxury • High taxes create popular resentement • Internal fights for power weaken kingdom • 1 king had 115 sons, all trying to take throne • Xerxes II only lasted 45 days • Alexander the Great conquers in 330’s B.C.

  13. Zarathustra [Zoroaster], 6c BCE:Good Thoughts, Good Deed, Good Words “Tree of Life”

  14. Extent of Zoroastrianism

  15. Dualistic Battle of Good vs. Evil Ahura Mazda“Holy Spirit” Ahriman“Destructive Spirit”

  16. Zend-Avesta(The “Book of Law”) The “Sacred Fire”  the force to fight evil.

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