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The Ancient Middle East

The Ancient Middle East. Adapted from Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY (With permission). 2. The Ancient Egyptians. Agriculture is the center of this civilization too!. Control water through irrigation River floods every September

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The Ancient Middle East

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  1. The Ancient Middle East Adapted from Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY (With permission)

  2. 2. The Ancient Egyptians

  3. Agriculture is the center of this civilization too! • Control water through irrigation • River floods every September • They settled near the river because resources were certainly abundant

  4. A View of Egypt by Satellite

  5. The Fertile Nile Valley

  6. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

  7. The Annual Flooding of the Nile

  8. The bigger you get, the more organization you need!!!!

  9. Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt c. 3050 B. C. E. ?

  10. Political Organization… • Menes (“first ruler”) united • Unlike Mesopotamia, they were unified early in their history • Power is followed through 30 dynasties…or the 30 different family lineages that ruled Egypt for 2000+ years!

  11. Organized power structure…

  12. Organized power structure… Make him happy now!

  13. Pharoah, how much do we love you????

  14. Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

  15. “Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu

  16. Giza Pyramid Complex

  17. Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

  18. The Valley of the Kings

  19. Video on pyramids…

  20. Where was the power centered?

  21. Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

  22. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

  23. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

  24. Social Organization… • “a land of villages”…unlike Mesopotamia • Population = 1-1.5 million

  25. Social Organization… Ancient Egypt Mesopotamia Free, landowning people Dependent farmers, artisans, merchants slaves • King/Pharaoh … high level administrators • Professionals, priests, lower level bureaucrats • Peasants

  26. Egyptian Social Hierarchy

  27. Egyptian Nobility

  28. Egyptian Priestly Class

  29. Egyptian Scribe

  30. Women of Ancient Egypt… • Subordinate and of the home • Marriage rights and choice of husband • No formal marriage (law nor ceremony) • Divorce and dowry…

  31. An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves” Mirror Perfume Whigs

  32. Egyptian Creation Myth The Goddess Nut

  33. Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:“The Sacred ‘Trinity’” Osiris Isis Horus

  34. Preparations for the Underworld ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather. Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

  35. Materials Used in Mummification 1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense

  36. Preparation for the Afterlife

  37. Egyptian Mummies Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E. Seti I1291-1278 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

  38. Journey to the Underworld The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.” A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb.

  39. Egyptian Book of the Dead

  40. The Final Judgement Anubis Horus Osiris

  41. Shabtis: The Pharaoh’s Servants in the Afterlife

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