Organic Chemistry Naming Branched Hydrocarbons

1. Organic ChemistryNaming Branched Hydrocarbons 1stDetermine the longest continuous carbon chain CH3CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH -CH--CH2 –CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH-CH-CH2 –CH2 -CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 Use the prefix oct- for 8 carbons in the chain and suffix –aneas only single bonds are between the H & C so, octane

2. Organic ChemistryNaming Branched Hydrocarbons 2ndAdd the ending –yl to every group branching off the longest chain (if more than one of the same group add the prefixes) (di=2, tri=3, tetra=4) alphabetically according to –yl group CH3CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH-CH-CH2 –CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 Alkyl groups: 3 methyl groups and 1 ethyl group Alphabetically: ethyl comes before methyl so…. ethyl methyloctane Adding prefixes: none for ethyl, but tri-for the methyl groups so… ethyl trimethyloctane

3. Organic ChemistryNaming Branched Hydrocarbons 3rdNumber the longest continuous carbon chain to write the lowest locant possible in the name. 4thInsert the numbers in the name. 5thPunctuate the name (insert hyphens and commas). CH3CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH-CH-CH2 –CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 3 5 6 4 1 2 7 6 ethyl 457 trimethyloctane 8 CH3CH3 CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-CH-CH-CH2 –CH3 CH-CH3 CH3 OR 3 4 8 7 6 5 2 3 ethyl 245 trimethyloctane Has the lowest locant! 1 3- ethyl-2,4,5- trimethyloctane