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The American Civil War, 1863-1865

The American Civil War, 1863-1865. War Comes to Georgia. Naval blockades North controlled the mouth of the Savannah River Fort Pulaski taken Burning of Darien Andrew’s Raiders- tried to cripple the Western & Atlantic railroad in the “Great Locomotive Chase”. I. First two years: .

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The American Civil War, 1863-1865

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  1. The American Civil War, 1863-1865 War Comes to Georgia

  2. Naval blockades North controlled the mouth of the Savannah River Fort Pulaski taken Burning of Darien Andrew’s Raiders- tried to cripple the Western & Atlantic railroad in the “Great Locomotive Chase” I. First two years:

  3. II. 1863- Union army captures Chattanooga, a few miles north of Georgia

  4. III. 1863- Battle of Chickamauga- Confederates turn back Union troops just south of Chattanooga

  5. A. Why did the North want to destroy Atlanta? Largest industrial center Largest railroad center IV. War comes to Georgia

  6. B. Battle of Atlanta- Led by General William T. Sherman, Atlanta was captured after some of the fiercest fighting of the war from an under-manned, under-equipped, demoralized and tired Confederate Army. IV. War comes to Georgia

  7. After three weeks, the Confederates surrendered and evacuated the city. Sherman and his men then stayed in Atlanta for several weeks. Atlanta was laid to waste (city burned and all military supplies destroyed). Results of the Battle of Atlanta

  8. March to the Sea • Sherman then turned from Atlanta toward Savannah destroying everything in path 50 miles wide—this became known as “Sherman’s March to the Sea” • Sherman presented Savannah to President Lincoln as a ‘Christmas gift’

  9. The War Ends • General Sherman turns to North and South Carolina after the capture of Savannah (burned Columbia, S.C., South Carolina’s state capital) • In Virginia, General Lee continues to fight, but his men are starving and weary. • Lee wants to meet with General Grant to discuss ending the war. Lincoln says he must surrender.

  10. Terms of surrender: Starving Confederates soldiers given food Allowed to return home with horses and mules “to put in crops” Officers allowed to keep swords and weapons A. April 9, 1865- General Lee surrenders at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia.

  11. April 15, 1865- John Wilkes Booth assassinates President Lincoln at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. Some Southerners continued to feel resentment and blamed President Lincoln

  12. Results of the War • A. Cost of War • Lives in the South- 94,000 killed in combat; 164,000 died from disease, wounds, or while in prison • Financial- $20 billion (whole nation) • B. Beginning of Modern Warfare • C. End of Slavery • D. Preservation of the Union

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