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Understanding Matrix Operations: Add, Subtract, and Multiply

Learn about matrices, their order and entries, adding and subtracting matrices, and multiplying a matrix by a scalar in matrix algebra.

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Understanding Matrix Operations: Add, Subtract, and Multiply

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  1. Matrix Operations

  2. MATRIX: A rectangular arrangement of numbers in rows and columns. The ORDER of a matrix is the number of the rows and columns. The ENTRIES are the numbers in the matrix. What is a Matrix? • This order of this matrix is a 2 x 3. columns rows

  3. What is the order? (or square matrix) 3 x 3 (Also called a column matrix) 1 x 4 3 x 5 (or square matrix) 2 x 2 4 x 1 (Also called a row matrix)

  4. Adding Two Matrices • To add two matrices, they must have the same order. To add, you simply add corresponding entries.

  5. = 7 7 4 5 = 0 7 5 7

  6. Subtracting Two Matrices • To subtract two matrices, they must have the same order. You simply subtract corresponding entries.

  7. 2-0 -4-1 3-8 -5 2 -5 8-3 0-(-1) -7-1 5 -8 1 = = 1-(-4) 5-2 0-7 5 3 -7

  8. Multiplying a Matrix by a Scalar • In matrix algebra, a real number is often called a SCALAR. To multiply a matrix by a scalar, you multiply each entry in the matrix by that scalar.

  9. -3 3 -2 6 -5 -2(-3) -2(3) 6 -6 -12 -2(6) -2(-5) 10

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