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Feeding Smart Dan Morrical Iowa State University

Know requirements Condition Score Make adjustments multiple pens. Control waste Use pasture and crop residue Comparison shop. Feeding Smart Dan Morrical Iowa State University. Basic Sheep Nutrition. Factors impacting requirements: Age Weight Stage of production

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Feeding Smart Dan Morrical Iowa State University

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  1. Know requirements Condition Score Make adjustments multiple pens Control waste Use pasture and crop residue Comparison shop Feeding SmartDan MorricalIowa State University

  2. Basic Sheep Nutrition • Factors impacting requirements: • Age • Weight • Stage of production • Level of Production

  3. Sheep Nutrition • SERB -- State Summary • 1987-1991 • Feed and Pasture $41.60 • 63% of cash costs • 41% of all costs

  4. Feeding Sheep • Goal - optimize production • while minimizing feed costs. • Feeding sheep correctly is a 3 part process. • 1. Knowing the requirements • 2. Combining feeds to meet those requirements • 3. Monitoring ewes and feed bunk

  5. Sheep Industry Changes • Sheep are bigger • average slaughter weight 139 • Sheep are more prolific • Romanov, Finnsheep, Polypay • Sheep grow faster • Ram test rams gaining 1.5 pounds per day • Sheep produce more milk • East Fresian and Lacaune crosses

  6. Sheep Industry Status Quo • No market signals

  7. Sheep Nutrition • What do we know about sheep industry?

  8. Sheep Nutrition • What do we know about sheep industry? • Small • Support • Feed sales volume • Consultants

  9. Sheep Nutrition • Ruminants • 4 Compartment stomach • 3/4 of body cavity • 3.5 gallons • So what does that mean?

  10. Sheep Nutrition • Nutrients of Concern • Water • Energy • Protein • Vitamins • Minerals

  11. Sheep Nutrition • Water • - Cheap • - Abused • Goal -- Clean, fresh, cool or warm. • Critical especially feedlot lambs.

  12. Water • Intake affected by: • Stage of production • Environmental temperature • Water content in the diet • Average intake = 3 x dry matter intake

  13. Sheep Nutrition • Energy • - Most often underfed • - Largest amount required • Example E. gestation ewe • 1.8 lb TDN • .31 lb CP • .38 g Ca

  14. Sheep Nutrition • Energy Sources • Sugars - Molasses • Starches – Grains • Complex carbohydrates • Hemi-cellulose • Cellulose • Lignin • Fats - 2.25 times the energy of CHO • Proteins ???

  15. Sheep Nutrition • Protein – Quantity vs Quality • Quantity is % N x 6.25 2% N = 12.50% CP • Quality - specific AA content • Protein Requirements • Lambs - 26-11% • Ewes - 9-16% • Highest in young animals

  16. Minerals • Macro and micro classification • Macros - required in grams per day • Micros - required in mg per day

  17. Sheep Nutrition • Mineral supplementation • Nutritional wisdom? • Trace mineral salt versus mineral • Set up trial to measure intake. How? • Factors impacting intake

  18. Sheep Nutrition • Comparing feeds on cost of energy basis • #1 rule CORN IS STANDARD BY WHICH TO • COMPARE EVERYTHING ELSE.

  19. Sheep Nutrition • Current corn price $3.64 per bushel • $3.64 ÷ 56 pounds/bu. = 6.5¢/pound • 6.5 ÷ .77 lb TDN per lb = 8.44¢/pound TDN • What can you pay for other feeds • 8.44¢ per pound TDN - standard

  20. Sheep Nutrition • Example oats • 68% TDN • 1 lb. oats x .68 lb. TDN/lb. DM = .68 LBS TDN • 8.44 x .68 = 5.7¢ x 32 = lb./bushel = $1.82 per bushel. • Oats are worth half on an TDN basis. • NOTE: Assumes no waste of either product.

  21. Sheep Nutrition • What is the hay worth? • 50% TDN $84 per ton (1000 X 8.4) • 55% TDN $93 per ton (1100 X 8.4) • 60% TDN $101 per ton (1200 X 8.4) • 65% TDN $109 per ton (1300 X 8.4) • Assumes no waste. Ha!

  22. Saving on feed • Feeding high corn diets • Half corn and half hay • 1 pound corn = 1.6 pounds hay • five pounds hay or 2 corn and 2 hay • Precautions

  23. Saving on feed • Feeding with corn stalks and • corn byproducts • Stalks for filler and • DDGS/CGF for quality

  24. Sheep Nutrition Feeding Questions

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