Structures and Functions of Living Organisms

Structures and Functions of Living Organisms Essential Vocabulary 6.L.1 Understand the structures, processes and behaviors of plants that enable them to survive and reproduce.

6.L.1 Understand the structures, processes and behaviors of plants that enable them to survive and reproduce. petals, stem, sepal, stamen, anther, ovule, pistil, filament, style, sexual reproduction, fertilization, pollination, sterile, pollen, pollinator, ovary, egg cell, sperm, photosynthesis, respiration, chlorophyll, glucose, epidermis, stomata, transpiration, carbon dioxide, oxygen, guard cells, vascular plants, nonvascular plants, xylem, phloem, aroma, nectar, mimicry, camouflage, perfect flower, imperfect flower, root, pigment, chloroplasts

Petals One of the ring or rings of the usually brightly colored, leaf-shaped parts of a flower.

Stem The main body or stalk of a plant or shrub.

Sepal In a flower, one of the outermost rings of modified leaves that protect the flower bud.

Stamen Male reproductive organ inside the flower of an angiosperm; consists of an anther, where pollen grains form, and a filament.

Anther A saclike structure that produces pollen.

Ovule In seed plants, the female reproductive part that produces eggs.

Pistil Female reproductive organ inside the flower of an angiosperm; consists of a sticky stigma, where pollen grains land, and an ovary. Also, called carpel.

Filament The slender part of a stamen that supports the anther.

Style A narrow, typically elongated extension of the ovary, bearing the stigma.

Sexual Reproduction A process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms.

Fertilization Sexual union of two plants.

Pollination Transfer of pollen grains to the female part of a seed plant by agents such as gravity, water, wind, and animals.

Sterile Not able to produce fruit or seeds.

Pollen A fine powdery substance, typically yellow, consisting of microscopic grains discharged from the male part of a flower or from a male cone.

Pollinator Something that moves pollen from the male parts to the female parts.

Ovary Swollen base of the pistil where ovules are found.

Egg Cell The female reproductive cell; the female gamete

Sperm The male reproductive cell; the male gamete

Photosynthesis The process by which plants makes food.

Respiration The process where cells use oxygen to help generate their energy. Also called cellular respiration.

Chlorophyll A pigment, or green coloring matter, that helps plants use light energy to produce sugars.

Glucose Plant starch or food; A type of sugar; the chief source of energy for living organisms. A simple six-carbon sugar C6H12O6.

Epidermis A single-layered group of cells that covers plants leaves, flowers, roots and stems.

Stomata Tiny openings on the underside of a leaf that allow water and carbon dioxide to enter and leave the plant.

Transpiration Process through which evaporation occurs through the leaves of a plant.

Carbon Dioxide Waste gas eliminated by the lungs

Oxygen A gas that exists naturally in the atmosphere and is produced by plants during photosynthesis that humans and other animals breathe.

Guard Cells Specialized crescent-shaped cells that control the opening and closing of a stomata.

Vascular Plants Plants that have tubes.

Nonvascular Plants Plants that do not have tubes.

Xylem The tubes (or vascular tissue) that transport water and minerals upwards from a plant's roots in vascular plants.

Phloem The tubes (or vascular tissues) that transport food in the vascular plants downward from the leaves to the rest of the plants.

Aroma A scent used by plants to attract pollinators for reproduction.

Nectar A sugary fluid secreted by plants, esp. within flowers to encourage pollination by insects and other animals. It is collected by bees to make into honey.

Mimicry

Camouflage To hide or disguise the presence of a person, animal, or object.

Perfect Flower A flower that has both male and female parts.

Imperfect Flower A flower that is missing either male or female parts.

Root The part of a plant that attaches it to the ground or to a support, typically underground, conveying water and nourishment to the rest of the plant via numerous branches and fibers.

Pigment A substance that reflects a particular part of the visible spectrum and absorbs the rest.

Chloroplasts A plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.

The End!!!

Structures and Functions of Living Organisms