The Jerusalem Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health, March 2002:

1. The Jerusalem Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health, March 2002: Presentation at Open Society Institute Workshop on Population-Based Approaches to Graduate Level Public Health Education, Yerevan, June 25-27, 2003 TH Tulchinsky MD MPH, Braun School of Public Health, Jerusalem

2. With Thanks to Supporters/Participants in the Jerusalem Conference • Open Society Institute • MASHAV (Foreign Ministry) • Ministry of Health • Braun SPH • Hebrew University • Brookdale Institute • ASPHER • WHO

3. Albania Bulgaria England Estonia Georgia Germany Hungary Al Quds, Jerusalem Kazakhstan Kenya Latvia Lithuania Moldova Romania Russia (OSI, MMA, Tver, St Pete, Chelyabinsk) Ukraine US Uzbekistan Wales Participating Countries/SPHs

4. Published As: Tulchinsky TH, Epstein L, Norman C [eds]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health. Public Health Reviews, 2003; 30, 1-392 • Keynote addresses • OSI/ASPHER PEER review • Mission and structure of SPHs • Student expectations, selection, and assessment • Curriculum • Service and research roles • Resources for a SPH • Working Goups • Background papers and resource material by Braun Faculty Write to: Pam@hadassah.org.il

5. What’s the Problem • To understand and report on the scale of the health situation and to raise public and political awareness • To interpret patterns of health and morbidity e.g smoking, alcohol with social dislocation • To advise on what should be done, drawing on best available evidence of effectiveness of interventions from different settings • To monitor the impact of new policies, adapting them for changing circumstances McKee M. Foreword. Proceedings of the International Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health. Public Health Reviews, 2002;30.

6. Objectives • Centers of excellence – training, research, service • International standards • Academic support • Attractive to students and stakeholders • Sustainability • Acceptance of graduates and faculty • Accountability and peer review

7. Keynotes • Adany – PH challenges of 21st century • Epstein – Braun SPH • Simmons – OSI/ASPHER PEER criteria • Laaser – Mission and structure of SPHs • Varavikova – Student expectations • Normand – Student assessment • Tulchinsky – Curriculum for MPH • Zwanikken – Service role of SPHs • Kalediene – Kaunas experience • Normand – Working Groups

8. OSI/ASPHER PEER Review Criteria • Development and mission of SPH • External environment • Internal organization environment • Teaching staff • Students and graduates • Training programs • Teaching/learning facilities • Research • Institutional quality management

9. Triad of Roles of Schools of Public Health Training and education Research Service

10. Structure and Stakeholders for SPHs University Academy Faculty International Academic Partners Funding Agencies Other Academic institutions Ministry of Health School of Public Health Other health institutions Other Ministries Local governments Faculty Students NGOs

11. Potential Contribution of Schools of Public Health • Train people (skills and competencies) to: • Analyze health system and PH problems • Develop evidence-based policies • Assist governments in adjustment process • Work with public and private sector • Research and develop tools to deal with new issues, e.g. globalization, communications technology, internet • Continuous education • Develop policy, programs, models and actions driven by national and community needs (e.g. poverty reduction, HIV Px) • Create a demand for a new professionalism in public health

12. Public Health Training and Education • Undergraduate training • Public health students • Medical and nursing students • Students of social sciences, biology, law etc. • Students of public health management and administration • Postgraduate training • MPH students • Students of management and administration in public health • Public health residency training, e.g. occupational health • Research training -MSc and PhD training • Professional continuing education

13. SPH and MPH Graduates Interactions MPH Graduate Schools of Public Health Training/Education Science of Learning experiences Management Legislation Professional Needs Information Presentation Research & Technology development Advocacy and Interventions Analysis Prioritisation Strategy Implement Provision of service Technical cooperation Survival and Success Direct community action Resource allocation Source: Varavikova EA. Proceedings of International Conference

14. Graduates: Skills and Values • Values • Commitment • Knowledge and positive attitude • Ideology • Flexibility • Ability to take risk and make decisions • Networking and team building • Staying power

15. Professional Continuing Education • Short-term training courses in • Public health management and financing • Environmental health • Health promotion and education • Epidemiology and research methods • Health economics • Health ethics and law • Strategic planning and health targets

16. Role of Research in SPHs • Set standards of evidence from past and current international experience • Identify avoidable morbidity/mortality in individual and population health • Identify individual and societal risk factors • Explore ways to prevent disease and promote health • Find the ways of improving primary prevention and delivery of health services (efficiency, effectiveness, evidence-based) • Promote quality in management in health systems

17. Conducting Research in SPHs • Publications in local and international peer reviewed scientific journals • Develop culture of peer review and a self-critical attitude (Research Forum) for students and faculty • Disseminate findings to those who can benefit • If in national language, abstract in English invites comment and criticism from a wider audience • If funding of a SPH is tied to teaching hours, need to provide incentives and time for active research to be valued and rewarded

18. Service in Public Health • Participation in the legislative and policy process • Support, advice, and counsel PH practitioners, governments, and the public at large • Work at local, national, and international level on public health practice, policy, services and their development, • Initiate debate and advocacy based on their scientific knowledge, judgement, and values Zwanikken PAC. Service role of schools of public health: In between research and education? Public Health Reviews;30:133-41 (Proceedings of the International Conference on Developing New Schools of Public Health)

19. Participation in International Public Health Networks and Collaboration • International standards • Training – local and abroad • Research – bilateral, multi-lateral • Exchange of students and teachers • Continuity and support • Academic – faculty development • Professional organizations • Graduates – alumni organizations

20. Conclusion of Jerusalem Conference • A high sense of need for schools of public health in former Soviet countries and in developing countries • Evolution from Social Hygiene to a “new public health” • Requires time, resources, international support and adaptation from successful experience to local circumstances • Requires post-graduate training and research centers of excellence with a high capacity for policy analysis • The bottom line - high mortality and morbidity from preventable diseases cannot be addressed without training large numbers of public health professionals

21. Thank you! The Jerusalem conference helped participants to face the task in their own settings and to understand its dimensions