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Reconstruction

Reconstruction. Where do we begin??. 1 st : Should the South be . . . FORGIVEN. PUNISHED. OR. 2 nd : Since S. states seceded from the Union did they now need to be formally READMITTED into the Union?.

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Reconstruction

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  1. Reconstruction Where do we begin??

  2. 1st: Should the South be . . . FORGIVEN PUNISHED OR

  3. 2nd: Since S. states seceded from the Union did they now need to be formally READMITTED into the Union? • Presidential Plan: It is not possible to secede from the Union so the confederate states never officially seceded so they DID NOT need to be READMITTED into the Union • Congressional Plan: It is possible to secede from the Union so the confederate states did officially secede and DID need to be READMITTED into the Union

  4. 3rd: What support/aid would freedmen receive in their adjustment from slavery to freedom?

  5. 4th: How would confederate political and military leaders be dealt with?

  6. The 2 plans were: • #1: The Presidential Plan – created by President Lincoln, but implemented by President Andrew Johnson • #2: The Congressional Plan – created by the Radical Republicans in Congress

  7. The 2 Plans: Side by SidePunish or Forgive?? Presidential Plan Congressional Plan Plan that demanded the South be punished and the war justified Refused to seat new Congressmen from the South Established Joint Committee on Reconstruction to investigate Passed Civil Rights Act Extended the Freedmen’s Bureau Established military occupation of the South (5 military districts) States had to ratify 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments • Plan that treated the South with leniency to forgive and move forward • Offered leaders amnesty and pardon • Created a simple procedure for reestablishing state governments • Allowed South to send traditional representatives to Washington • No support given to Freedmen – states should handle this on their own • States had to ratify 13th

  8. The Battle Begins:President Johnson V. Congressional Republicans RADICAL

  9. The Battle: Congress overrides veto & Johnson loses support of Moderates

  10. More of the Battle: Legislature Executive The job of the Executive branch is to: E N F O R C E L A W S • The job of the Legislative branch is to: • M A K E L A W S

  11. And so the battled continued: Congress’ anger towards Pres. builds President Johnson: Chose to not enforce the Civil Rights Act and to not provide the funds for the Freedmen’s Bureau Without the extension of the funding for the F.B. the resources to help blacks adjust to freedom were limited at best and non-existent at worst. Without enforcement of Civil Rights Act the rights of freedmen continued to be violated by Southerners

  12. The battle rages on These violations led to the creation of the 14th Amendment

  13. And on . . . Congress passes 14th Amendment 14th Amendment now needs to be ratified by ¾ of the state legislatures Johnson convinces 10 Southern states to refuse to ratify 14th Amendment RR make states ratify 14th Amendment in order to be reinstated into the Union

  14. The Congressional Plan wins • What motivated them to create their own plan? • Believed none of the post war goals were being met • No equal citizenship or economic independence for freedmen • Republicans risked losing power in Congress if they did not act quickly – why?

  15. The Congressional Plan • Leaders: Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner

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