SPEECH ORGANIZATION

SPEECH ORGANIZATION

Selecting a topic • Subject - a broad area of knowledge • Topic- some specific aspect of a subject

Identifying subjects • What a subject areas are important to you? • What subject areas you know something about? • Setting the location and occasion for a speech • General goal- type of speech • Specific goal- a complete sentence that specifies the exact response you want from the audience. • Thesis Statement- a sentence that outline the specific elements of the speech that support your goal.

Topic Order- Organizing the main points of the speech by categories or divisions of a subject. • Time/chronological Order – organizing main pts, as a sequence of ideas or events, focusing on what comes first, second, third. • Space Order – Organizing main pts. By following a spatial or geographic progression. • Logical reasons order – organizing main pts. With statements that indicate why the audience should believe something or behave in a particular way.

Goal of an Introduction • get attention • set off the tone of a speech • create a bond of goodwill • establish credibility • lead into content of speech

Types of introductions • startling statement • rhetorical questions • story • personal references • quote • suspense

Types of conclusions • Summary • Stories • Appeal to action- describes behaviors you want your listeners to follow. • Emotional impact

Gathering Ideas and Materials Common Organizational Problems • Taking Too Long to Get to the Point • Including Irrelevant Material • Leaving Out Necessary Information • Getting Ideas Mixed Up

Gathering Ideas and Materials Sample Outline for an Effective Presentation I. Introduction A. Attention getter B. Thesis II. Body A. B. (no more than five main points) C. Etc. III. Conclusion A. Review B. Closing statement

Organizing the Body • Identify Main Points and Subpoints • Choose the Best Organizational Pattern • Chronological • Spatial • Topical • Cause-Effect • Problem-Solution

Organizing the Body Figure 11-2: A logic tree illustrates the relationship between the thesis, main points, and subpoints.

Organizing the Body Rules for Main Points • Main Points Should be Stated as Claims • All Points Should Develop the Thesis • A Presentation Should Contain No More than Five Main Points • Each Main Point Should Contain Only One Idea • Main Points Should be Parallel in Structure Whenever Possible

Planning the Introduction Functions of the Introduction • Capture the Listener’s Attention • Give Your Audience a Reason to Listen • Set the Proper Tone for the Topic and Setting • Establish Your Qualifications • Introduce Your Thesis and Preview Your Presentation

Planning the Introduction Types of Opening Statements • Ask a Question • Tell a Story • Present a Quotation • Make a Startling Statement • Refer to the Audience • Refer to the Occasion • Use Humor

Planning the Conclusion Functions of the Conclusion • The Review • The Closing Statement

Planning the Conclusion Types of Closing Statements • Return to the Theme of Your Opening Statement • Appeal for Action • End with a Challenge

Adding Transitions Functions of Transitions • They Promote Clarity • They Emphasize Important Ideas • They Keep Listeners Interested

Adding Transitions Characteristics of Effective Transitions • They Refer to Both Preceding and Upcoming Ideas • A Bridge to Get Listeners From One Point to Another

SPEECH ORGANIZATION