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MIDDLE AGES STUDY GUIDE

MIDDLE AGES STUDY GUIDE. 1. When did the Middle Ages begin and end? Why is this period of time given the name ‘the Middle Ages’?.

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MIDDLE AGES STUDY GUIDE

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  1. MIDDLE AGES STUDY GUIDE

  2. 1. When did the Middle Ages begin and end? Why is this period of time given the name ‘the Middle Ages’? The Middle Ages lasted from about 500 until 1500. It’s called Middle Ages because it is the period of time between ancient and modern times (the time between the fall of Ancient Rome and the Renaissance).

  3. 2. Create a pyramid illustrating the social structure of Medieval Europe. The feudal system was a system of exchanging land for military service. Kings and nobles provided land and promised to protect the people who served them. In return, the knights who received the land promised to serve and defend the nobles in times of war.

  4. 3. In what ways did the Christian Church influence life in the Middle Ages? The Christian Church united the people of Europe after the fall of Rome. The Church influenced all areas of life in Europe. Church officials, including the pope, were very powerful, and encouraged followers to join the Crusades (they were promised that they would go to heaven). Art, literature, and music followed religious themes, and people’s lives centered around the local church. Most people could not read and write, so they depended on the church to keep records for them.

  5. 4. What were the Crusades? What were they trying to accomplish, and why did people join them? The Crusades were a series of holy wars. Christians were trying to regain control of the Holy Land, which was controlled by Muslims. Because of the Church’s power and poor living conditions, people were eager to join the Crusades.

  6. 5. What was a positive outcome of the Crusades? The Crusaders brought new goods and ideas back to Europe with them (the Muslim world was experiencing a Golden Age at this time). As a result, trade between Europe and Asia increased.

  7. 6. Why did nobles force King John to sign the Magna Carta? King John ruled unfairly, including raising taxes without reason. The nobles felt King John did not have the right to do whatever he wanted.

  8. 7. Why is the Magna Carta considered one of the most important documents in history? The Magna Carta was the first document to limit the power of the king. It stated that the law ruled the land. The Magna Carta was one of the first steps to democracy in modern Europe.

  9. 8. Why did the Black Death spread through Europe so quickly? The disease spread quickly because of crowded and unsanitary living conditions. Weakened immunity from an earlier famine and lack of knowledge about contagious diseases contributed to the plague.

  10. 9. What were some of the effects of the Black Death on society? Millions of Europeans died (about one-half of the population). People lost faith in the church because even the religious clergy were dying. Because of the resulting labor shortage, workers demanded higher wages. This created a middle class. Serfs and peasants left manors and moved into cities, which led to the growth of cities, and the end of feudalism.

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