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Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Wheat Cultivars

Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Wheat Cultivars. Xianchun Xia National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences xiaxianchun@caas.net.cn. Wheat Breeding, CAAS. Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China. China is the largest epidemic area of stripe rust in the world.

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Stripe Rust Resistance in Chinese Wheat Cultivars

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  1. Stripe RustResistance in Chinese Wheat Cultivars Xianchun Xia National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences xiaxianchun@caas.net.cn Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  2. Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China China is the largest epidemic area of stripe rust in the world. Fifteen countrywide stripe rust epidemics have been recorded since 1950, and losses of 6.0, 3.2, 1.8 and 1.3 million metric tons of wheat occurred in 1950, 1964, 1990 and 2002, respectively. Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  3. Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China 2005, 2006: Epidemic areas are around 4 m ha, with yield loses of 240,000 tons under the application of fungicides. Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  4. Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China Frequencies of races of P. striiformis tritici (2005, 2006): CYR31: -, 5.13% (2006) CYR 32: 29.97%, 29.82% Shuiyuan 11 races (including 14 pathotypes) 49.02%, 53.40% Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  5. Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China Frequency of virulence (2006): Yr3 (Danish 1): 95.98% Yr3b,4b (Hybrid 46): 41.75% Yr 6 (Trigo Eureka): 94.73% Yr9 (Lovrin 10 and 13): 79.06% YrA (Funo): 96.12% Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  6. Epidemics of Stripe Rust in China Effective genes currently: Yr5, Yr10, Yr11, Yr12, Yr13, Yr14, Yr15, Yr16, Yr18, Yr26, Yr27, YrC591, YrSpp and YrGaby Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  7. Stripe rust epidemics in southwestern China

  8. Chuanmai 42 Chuanmai 107 Resistant Susceptible

  9. 50o 45o 40o 35o Hot spot 30o 25o Ten wheat regions in China

  10. Longnan of Gansu province is a hot-spot for stripe rust

  11. Problems • Frequent changes in the population of isolates of P. striiformis tritici • Lack of diversity in resistance, about half of the Chinese wheat cultivars derived from 1B/1R translocation containing Yr9 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  12. Crucial issue in wheat breeding for stripe rust Durable resistance! Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  13. Breedingfor Durable Resistance 1. Major genes：pyramiding, multilines, gene deployment 2. Slow stripe rusting Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  14. Deployment of Stripe rust resistance genes in Longnan of Gansu province

  15. Deployment of Stripe rust resistance genes in Longnan of Gansu province • High-altitude areas • Lantian 14, 15 (Yr13), 18 (from Flinor), 19 (Yr12), 20 (Yr16) • etc. • 2. Middle-altitude areas • Lantian 11, 12, 21, 22 • 3. Low-altitude areas • Lantian 17 (Yr26), 23 (from SaxF4-7), Zhongzhi 1 (YrC591), • Longjian 9343 (Yr10)

  16. Studies for stripe rust resistance 1. Characterization of seedling and adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in Chinese wheat cultivars 2. Mapping of stripe rust resistance genes Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  17. Seedling resistance to stripe rust 1. 98 wheat cultivars and advanced lines 2. 26 isolates of P. striiformis tritici Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  18. Seedling resistance to stripe rust Of the 98 cultivars and lines, 42contain Yr9, 19 haveYr26/Yr24, and others possess Yr3a, Yr4a, Yr6, Yr7, YrSD Three lines, N139, 323-2 and 3S857,were resistant to all isolates tested Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  19. Seedling resistance to stripe rust Yr15was resistant to all isolates. Yr24 /Yr26 showed low infection type to all isolates except 75078. Yr10 displayed resistant to all isolates except 75078 and 72107。 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  20. Characterization of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust 1. 135wheat cultivars and lines 2、Beijingand Tianshui of Gansu province 2003-04、2004-05 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  21. Characterization of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust 1. Disease Severity, Infection Type 2. AUDPC , the Aera Under Disease Progress Curve AUDPC= Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  22. Characterization of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust 1. 32 cultivars showed adult-plant resistance, which were highly susceptible to the isolate CYR32 at seedling stage, but moderately/highly resistant at adult plant stage with lower FDS (Final Disease Severity)and AUDPC, 2. A significant correlation was found between FDS and AUDPC (r= 0.91-0.98). Therefore, FDS might be a preferable parameter to AUDPC in breeding programs due to economy in assessing large numbers of genotypes. (Li et al. Plant Dis. 90: 1302-1312 ) Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  23. Mapping of stripe rust resistance genes in Chinese wheats 1. Stripe rust resistance in Zhou8425B Zhou 8425B was a good parent, from which 7 widely grown wheat cultivars and several advanced lines derived. Based on seedling test with 26 isolates of P. striiformis tritici, it may contain new stripe rust resistance genes. Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  24. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Pedigree information: Zhou 78A /Annong 7959  (St2422-464 / Nainari 60)↓ Zhou 8425B (resistant to stripe rust, leaf rust and PM) During the past 20 years, about 40 cultivars have been developed from the line. (Seeds were offered Prof. Jorge Dubcovski, UC Davis) Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  25. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B F1, F2 and F3 populations from the cross Zhou 8425B / Chinese Spring Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  26. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  27. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Fig. 1 Electrophoresis of PCR product amplified with SSR marker Xcfa2040 in polyacrylamide gel. A, allele for resistant parent Zhou 8425B (P1); B, allele for Chinese Spring (P2); Br, resistant bulk; Bs, susceptible bulk; An, Annong 7959; Zh, Zhou 78A; R, resistant F2 plants S, susceptible F2 plants Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  28. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  29. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Zhou 8425B(F3 families) Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  30. Reaction patterns of Yr2, Yr6 and YrZH84 to 26 isolates Li et al. Theor Appl Genet, 112: 1098-1103 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  31. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Pedigree information: Chuanmai 42 from Syn769/Sw3243//Chuan6415 Syn769 was derived from Decoy 1, a T. turgidum accession (AABB), and Ae. tauschii 188 (DD). Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  32. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Chuanmai 42 /Taichung 29 787 F2 plants, 185 F3 families Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  33. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  34. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 819 SSR primers bulked segregant analysis (BSA) Chromosome 1BL: Xwmc626, Xgwm273, Xgwm11, Xgwm18, Xbarc137, Xbarc187, Xgwm498, Xbarc240 and Xwmc216 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  35. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Amplification of a part of F2 plants derived from the cross Chuanmai 42×Taichung 29 using SSR marker Xgwm11. M：Marker, P1:Chuanmai 42, P2:Taichung 29, BR:resistant bulk, BS:susceptible bulk, R:resistant progenies, S:susceptible progenies, *:recombinant progenies, Arrow on the right side Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  36. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  37. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  38. 1B Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  39. Yr10 1.2cM Xpsp3000 1BS YrH52 1.3cM Xgwm18 2.7cM 1.9cM Yr15 Yr26 Yr24 Xgwm413 YrCH42 1.6cM Xgwm498 4.3cM Xgwm273 Xwmc44 5.6cM Yr29 1BL Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  40. Mapping stripe rust resistance genes in Chuanmai 42 Li et al. Theor Appl Genet, 112: 1434-1440 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  41. QTL mapping for adult-plant resistance to stripe rust 1. （Pingyuan 50× Mianxian169） F2:3and DHlines 2004-05，2005-06 , 2006-07 in Beijing and Gansu 2. （Libellula×Huixianhong） F2:3lines tested in Beijing and Gansu 2004-05，2005-06 , 2006-07 3. （N.Strampelli×Huixianhong） F2:3lines tested in Beijing and Gansu, 2004-05，2005-06 , 2006-07 Wheat Breeding, CAAS

  42. Shuttle breeding with CIMMYT for adult-plant resistance

  43. Thank you ！

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