Essay Questions

1. Essay Questions Compare the impact of Christianity and Islam on the landscape. In what ways is Judaism an ethnic religion? How do different religions incorporate natural features into their cosmogony? How has religion been a source of territorial conflict among people? How has the concept of pilgrimage changed in the modern world?

2. What is the relationship between culture, religion, and the physical environment? Changes in the physical environment by people may be due to religious ideas.

3. Branch A large and fundamental division within a religion

4. A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a sect

5. A ____________________ religion appeals to people living in a wide variety of locations. universalizing

6. The world’s largest universalizing religion is Christianity.

7. How did Christianity spread from its hearth? relocation diffusion

8. Know the branches of Christianity Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestantism

9. How are Protestants in Ireland distributed? highly clustered in one part of the island

10. What is the desire of most people living in Northern Ireland? remain part of Great Britain

11. Why are so many Roman Catholics clustered in the southwestern United States? migration of Roman Catholics from Latin America

12. Why are people from Quebec distinguished from neighboring Canadian provinces and the United States? the use of religious toponyms

13. Is Judaism a universalizing religion? no

14. Is Eastern Orthodoxy a denomination, sect, or a branch? branch

15. Lutheranism is an example of a branch, sect, or denomination. denomination

16. Where are Muslims clustered? Northern Africa and the Middle East

17. Dominant branch of Islam Sunni

18. Dominant branch of Islam in Iran is Shiite.

19. What religion controlled much of present day Spain prior to 1492? Islam

20. Which of these is the holiest book in Hinduism? The Bible, the old testament, the Amrit, the Quran none of these

21. What religion is the most important in the homeland of its founder? Islam

22. Why is Buddhism different than other universalizing religions? remained concentrated in one region of the world

23. Contrast between Mahayanist and Theravadists Mahayanists emphasize Buddha’s compassion

24. What assigns everyone to a distinct class? Hinduism’s caste system

25. Followers of __________________ are most likely to believe in other religions simultaneously? Buddhism

26. Those who believe that inanimate objects and natural events have spirits? Animists

27. The agricultural calendar is unimportant to which type of religions? Universalizing religion

28. Is Buddhism an ethnic Asian Religion? No

29. The performance of public service is important in what religion found in Asia? Confucianism

30. The reflection on the mystical and magical aspects of life are important in what religion found in Asia? Daoism

31. monotheism belief in one god

32. Followers of which of the religious branches does not trace their origin to Abraham? Judaism, Shiite, Sunni, Mahayana, and Eastern Orthodox Mahayana

33. For most of the past 2,000 years the ________________ have been dispersed around the world. Jews

34. Where were most Jews forced to live. Ghetto – an area in a city

35. Why is Judaism classified as an ethnic rather a universalizing religion? Its rituals derive from the agricultural cycle in Israel.

36. cosmogony beliefs concerning the origin of the universe

37. What religion encourages each congregation to be self-sufficient? hierarchical

38. Which ethnic religion follows a lunar calendar? Judaism

39. How are mosque different from churches? a mosque is not a sanctified place

40. Worship of __________________ is most likely to take place at home. Hinduism

41. Cremation is very important in which religion? Hinduism

42. The United Nations partition plan dividing Palestine placed Jerusalem under United Nations administration

43. The conflict in Northern Ireland is a result of Catholic protest against discrimination by Protestants, British colonial rule, violence committed by both sides, counties in Northern Ireland voting to remain in the United Kingdom.

44. Are Jewish citizens considered Palestinians? No – the following groups are; Muslim citizens of Israel, residents of territories occupied by Israel, citizens of other states calling themselves Palestinians, and residents of refugee camps

45. When did Israel gain control of all of Jerusalem? The Six – Day War in 1967

46. Followers of _________________ have controlled the Holy Land for most of the past 1500 years. Islam

47. What religion is very important in Lebanon? Druze

48. These penalties were imposed by the ________________ in Afghanistan; homosexuals were buried alive, prostitutes were hanged in public, and men were stoned for committing adultery, men were beaten for shaving their beards, and thieves’ hands were cut off, and women with nail polish had their fingers cut off. Taliban

49. What policy did the British follow in India? encouraged the abolishment of the caste system

50. In Russian history, what has the government policy been toward religion? Churches remained open but played a limited role.