The Male Reproductive System and STDs

1. 15 The Male Reproductive System and STDs

2. Multimedia Directory Slide 17 Sperm Animation Slide 24 Spermatogenesis Animation Slide 30 Male Pelvis Animation Slide 38 AIDS Video Slide 46 Erectile Dysfunction Video Slide 49 Gonorrhea Video Slide 66 Circumcision Video Slide 85 Vasectomy Video

3. Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: • Define and spell the word parts used to create terms for the male reproductive system • Identify the major organs of the male reproductive system and describe their structure and function

4. Learning Objectives (cont.) After completing this chapter, you will be able to: • Break down and define common medical terms used for symptoms, diseases, disorders, procedures, treatments, and devices associated with the male reproductive system • Build medical terms from the word parts associated with the male reproductive system

5. Learning Objectives (cont.) After completing this chapter, you will be able to: • Pronounce and spell common medical terms associated with the male reproductive system • Describe the major sexually transmitted diseases that affect human populations

6. The Male Reproductive System Produces the sex cells, or gametes, called spermatozoa, or sperm cells Sustains and transports the sperm cells Secretes the hormone testosterone Regulates sperm cell production and the expression of secondary sexual characteristics

7. Prefixes a-, an- = without, absence of trans- = through, across, beyond

8. Combining Forms andr/o = male balan/o = glans penis carcin/o = cancer crypt/o = hidden

9. Combining Forms (cont.) cyst/o = sac, bladder epididym/o = epididymis hydr/o = water lith/o = stone

10. Combining Forms (cont.) olig/o = few in number orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o = testis, testicle pen/o = penis perine/o = perineum proct/o = rectum, anus

11. Combining Forms (cont.) prostat/o = prostate gland rect/o = straight, erect, rectum semin/o = seed, sperm sperm/o, spermat/o = seed, sperm

12. Combining Forms (cont.) test/o, testicul/o = testis, testicle therm/o = heat varic/o = dilated vein vas/o = vessel, duct vesicul/o = vesicle, seminal vesicle zo/o = animal

13. Suffixes -ar = pertaining to -cele = hernia, swelling, protrusion -ile = pertaining to -ism = condition or disease -lysis = to loosen, dissolve

14. Suffixes (cont.) -pexy = surgical fixation, suspension -plasia = shape, formation -rrhea = discharge (of fluid) -spermia = condition of sperm -therapy = treatment

15. Anatomy and Physiology Coitus—sexual intercourse Ejaculation—release of sperm cells Testes—primary organs of male reproductive system

16. Anatomy and Physiology (cont.) Organs that transport sperm Epididymis Vas deferens Urethra Glands that provide supportive secretions Seminal vesicles Prostate gland Bulbourethral glands

17. Sperm Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on sperm. The animation may take a moment before playing. Back to Directory

18. Figure 15.1: Male reproductive organs

19. The Testes Produce sperm cells Scrotum A skin-covered sac that contains the testes Has a cooler temperature than pelvic cavity; more favorable to sperm development

20. Figure 15.2: The testis NOTE: View highlighted area on next slide

21. Figure 15.2 (continued): The testis NOTE: View highlighted area on next slide

22. Figure 15.2 (continued): The testis

23. Male Tubules Each testis Seminiferous tubules—about 900 small, tightly coiled tubules Sites of sperm cell production Spermatogenesis—Process of sperm cell production Interstitial cells—Clusters of cells between the seminiferous tubules that produce testosterone

24. SpermatogenesisAnimation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on spermatogenesis. Back to Directory

25. Male Tubules (cont.) Epididymis—coiled tubule attached to posterior side of testis Vas deferens Thick-walled tubule forms peristaltic waves to push sperm along their route Also known as the ductus deferens or seminal duct

26. Male Tubules (cont.) Seminal vesicles—pair of glands through which vas deferens passes Ejaculatory duct Urethra Final tubule that extends from bladder to urinary meatus Passes through prostate gland Receives secretions from bulbourethral glands at base of penis

27. Figure 15.3: Sagittal section through male pelvis

28. Male External Genitals Scrotum and penis Glans penis—distal end of penis Prepuce—foreskin, or fold of skin that covers most or all of glans penis

29. Figure 15.4: The penis

30. Male PelvisAnimation Click on the screenshot to view an animation on anatomy of the male pelvis. The animation may take a moment before playing. Back to Directory

31. Word Roots epididym = epididymis pen = penis prostat = prostate gland semin = seed, sperm

32. Word Roots (cont.) sperm, spermat = seed, sperm test = testis, testicle vas = vessel, duct vesicul = vesicle

33. Symptoms and Signs Aspermia Inability to produce or ejaculate sperm A symptom of male infertility Azoospermia Absence of living sperm in semen A sign of male infertility

34. Symptoms and Signs (cont.) Balanorrhea Discharge or leakage of fluid from glans penis Chancres Small ulcers on the skin A symptom of the STD syphilis Oligospermia Abnormally low sperm count A sign of male infertility

35. Symptoms and Signs (cont.) Papillomas Wart-like lesions on the skin and mucous membranes Commonly known as genital warts Proctitis Inflammation of the rectal area A symptom of the STDs chlamydia and trichomoniasis

36. Symptoms and Signs (cont.) Prostatorrhea Abnormal discharge from the prostate gland Urethritis Inflammation of the urethra A symptom of the STDs chlamydia and trichomoniasis

37. Diseases and Disorders Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Syndrome caused by HIV infection, mainly through exchange of body fluids during sex or by use of contaminated IV needles Abbreviated AIDS Andropathy Diseases that afflict only males Anorchism Absence of one or both testes

38. AIDS Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of AIDS. The video may take a moment before playing. Back to Directory

39. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Balanitis Inflammation of the glans penis Benign prostatic hyperplasia Nonmalignant, excessive growth of the prostate gland Symptoms—nocturia, urinary retention, frequent need to void Also called benign prostatic hypertrophy Abbreviated BPH

40. Figure 15.5: Benign prostatic hyperplasia

41. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Chlamydia The most common bacteria-caused STD in North America Symptoms include urethritis proctitis inflammation of the eye’s conjunctiva

42. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Cryptorchidism Condition of an undescended testis Also called cryptorchism Epididymitis Inflammation of the epididymis

43. Figure 15.6: Cryptorchidism

44. Figure 15.6 (continued): Cryptorchidism

45. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Erectile dysfunction Inability to achieve or maintain an erection Also called impotency Abbreviated ED

46. Erectile Dysfunction Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of erectile dysfunction. Back to Directory

47. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Genital herpes Most common viral STD in North America Characterized by periodic outbreaks of ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucous membranes

48. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Gonorrhea STD infection that produces ulcer-like lesions on the mucous membranes and skin of the genital region Characterized by urethral discharge

49. Gonorrhea Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of gonorrhea. Back to Directory

50. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) Hepatitis B Viral STD Causes inflammation of liver Transmitted through any body fluid