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World War II: From Appeasement to Pearl Harbor

Explore the events leading to WWII, including the Munich Agreement, German invasions, U.S. neutrality shift, Lend-Lease Plan, and Pearl Harbor attack. Witness the rise of Axis Powers and Allies in this pivotal moment of history.

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World War II: From Appeasement to Pearl Harbor

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  1. Chapter 24.2 and. 4 Notes

  2. War in Europe • March 12, 1938– Hitler takes over Austria (unopposed, happy to have him) • Hitler sets his eyes on the Sudetenland (area in Czechoslovakia) • Sept 1938 Munich Conference: • Hitler meets with French PM (Daladier) and GB PM (Neville Chamberlain) sign Munich agreement, Hitler says Sudetenland will be the last area he takes over. • Appeasement

  3. German Offensive Begins • Non-Aggression Pact: signed by Hitler and Stalin (Aug. 23, 1939) agree to never attack each other and will divide Poland between them • Sept 1, 1939, Hitler invades Poland and takes it for himself • Sept 3, 1939 Great Britain and France declare war on Germany • War has started • Bliztkrieg (lightening war) German military tactic • Phony War (after attack on Poland and troops gear up, stalemate) • April 9, 1940 Hitler invades Denmark and Norway, next Belgium and Luxemborg

  4. Great Britain and France Fight • Allies vs Axis (Italy, Germany, Japan) • Germany works toward taking over France • Is able to occupy the North of France, now only Great Britain is free from German control • Summer of 1940, bombing of Britain • Britain remains free, US realizes it must soon help its friend

  5. Moving from Neutrality • Sept 1939, “Cash-and-Carry” policy, if you got the cash and can take it, we will give you war materials • Tripartite Pact: Germany, Italy, and Japan will work together for mutual defense (aka Axis Powers) • If US attacks any of the nations in the Axis powers faces a two ocean war (we don’t want that) so US stays out • But just in case…..US passes Selective Service Act (1940) first peacetime draft (21-35 could serve in military • 1940, Franklin Roosevelt runs for and wins a 3rd term in office (first president to do so)

  6. World War II • Lend-Lease Plan, designed with GB in mind, we will lend you weapons (replaces Cash and Carry policy) ARSENAL FOR DEMOCRACY • Want to help GB fight off the Germans • Also give some weapons to USSR • 1940’s German U-boats are back again • 1941, German U-boats attacking US ships, US sailors given permission to fight back

  7. FDR Plans for War (just in case) • Atlantic Charter: meeting between Winston Churchill and FDR about post war plans. US not even in war at this point. Both countries pledge to work for disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas. Also, calls for a United Nations • Allies are formed, 26 nations fighting against the Axis Powers

  8. Japan and Tojo • July 1937, Japan under Hideki Tojo invade Manchuria, China • Japan wants to get all of East Asia under their control, quickly able to take islands in the Pacific, only US owned islands are free (by 1941) • US protests Japanese actions by cutting off trade with them, this makes Japan mad! • Tojo (PM) promises Emperor of Japan that he will maintain peace with the US • Nov 5, 1941, tells Japanese military to be ready for attack on US navy (secretly) • US is able to break Japanese military code, knows that a strike is coming but where???

  9. Pearl Harbor • Dec 7, 1941, Japan attacks US military base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii • US taken by surprise • “Date which will live in infamy” • US declares war on Japan

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