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A Study Guide

Comprehensive Study Techniques. By Raymond Lee. A Study Guide. The Power of Knowledge. Knowledge is power, however, without effective learning methods, acquiring knowledge can become difficult to achieve. Study Skill Structures. Time Management Input Note Taking Concentration Reading

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A Study Guide

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  1. Comprehensive Study Techniques By Raymond Lee A Study Guide A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  2. The Power of Knowledge • Knowledge is power, however, without effective learning methods, acquiring knowledge can become difficult to achieve. A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  3. Study Skill Structures • Time Management • Input • Note Taking • Concentration • Reading • Writing • Organization • Processing • Output A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  4. Time Management • Long Term SchedulesConstruct a schedule of your fixed commitments only. These include only obligations you are required to meet every week, e.g., job hours, classes, church, organization meetings, etc. • Intermediate SchedulesNow make a short list of MAJOR EVENTS and AMOUNT OF WORK to be accomplished in each subject this week. This may include non-study activities.These events will change from week to week and it is important to make a NEW LIST FOR EACH WEEK. Sunday night may be the most convenient time to do this. • Short Term SchedulesOn a small note card each evening before retiring or early in the morning make out a specific daily schedule. Write down specifically WHAT is to be accomplished.CARRY THIS CARD WITH YOU and cross out each item as you accomplish it. Writing down things in this manner not only forces you to plan your time but in effect causes you to make a promise to yourself to do what you have written down.(Time Scheduling Suggestions) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  5. Input • In college classes, lectures are still the primary way faculty deliver information to students. Progress has been made to make college a more collaborative learning process, but lectures are alive and well. Consequently, note taking is still the primary means of sorting, organizing, and processing this material. • An essential skill for good note taking is good listening. Most people believe that they are good listeners, but research has shown that most students do not listen well. So first of all, you should try to sharpen your listening skills.(UMD Taking Notes From Lectures) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  6. Note Taking • Use a standard size notebook. A loose-leaf three-ring binder is the best because it allows you to insert handouts and rearrange your own notes. • Sit near the front and center of the class. You will have the most direct communication with your professor, and you will less likely be distracted. • Put a heading and a date on your notes for each day. • Attend all lectures, even if attendance is not mandatory. Using someone else's notes can help, but it is no substitute for attending the lecture. When you hear the information, process it, and write it in your notes, you are already beginning to learn the information. Reinforcement of the information through review of your notes completes the learning process. • Try to prepare for each lecture by pre-reading the material in your text. You will find that you will understand the lecture better if you have some basic background. This preparation is one that very few students take seriously. • Learn to identify main points and not get bogged down in detail. Professors often give cues to what's important by repeating information, changing their voices or rate of delivery, listing items in order of importance, and, of course, by writing on the chalkboard.(UMD Taking Notes From Lectures) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  7. Concentration • Study in chunks: 20-50 minute time periods followed by a brief break (5-10 minutes) is the most effective way to study. • Use daylight hours: an hour of studying during the day is worth two at night! Do the work that requires the most concentration (typically reading) earliest in the day. • Rank your three classes and be sure to spend time on your most challenging class everyday and early in the day. • Study actively: ask yourself questions, review your notes regularly, discuss key concepts with peers and course professor.(Dartmouth Academic Skills Center) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  8. Reading • You should begin by surveying what you are about to read. Look at the major heading, the charts and pictures, read the summary, study the review questions. In addition, search your memory for anything you already know about what your assigned reading. The more you know about what you're reading, the easier it will be to process it into your long-term memory. • Read only one paragraph at a time, and before you begin to read that paragraph look for a reason to read the paragraph. Use clues such as the heading or topic sentence. Do not mark as your read. • When you finish the paragraph, put yourself in the position of your professor. What test question will you ask from that paragraph? Actually write that question in the margin of your textbook. • Now mark the answer to the question by underlining, numbering, boxing, circling, etc. • Want to make sure you always do well on pop quizzes and cut down on study time for major tests. Put this information in your long-term memory now by covering the text and asking yourself the question written in the margin. • Recite the answer in your own words. You are now ready to read the next paragraph.(Reading your textbooks) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  9. Organization • Informative PaperCodified order: Present information and ideas in a sequential or other logical order.Definition: Arrange the information around a definition.Classification: Arrange examples in varieties.Comparison: Demonstrate similarities between two or more people or things.Contrast: Demonstrate differences between two or more people or things. • Argumentative/Persuasive PaperInduction: Infer a general principle from a group of examples.Deduction: Infer a group of effects given a general principle (i.e. Cause/Effect).Sign: Establish that one thing indicates the presence or action of another.Analogy: Compare one topic to another seemingly unrelated topic to illuminate a relationship.(Ohio State University Writing Center) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  10. Writing • Invention • Critical Reading • Thesis • Organization • Paragraphing • Word-Processing • Revision • Documentation • Proofreading(Ohio State University - Writing Center) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  11. Output • Before the Test1. Discuss test content with the instructor and classmates.2. Develop effective study and test preparation skills.3. Spread review of class material over several days rather than cramming.4. Intensive review should be done a few days before test.5. Review text, notes, and homework problems.6. Use 3x5 cards for learning specific concepts or formulas.7. Take a practice test under exam-like conditions.8. Continue regular exercise program.9. Get sufficient rest and nutrition. • During the Test 1. Read the directions carefully.2. Budget your test taking time.3. Change positions to help you relax.4. If you go blank, skip the question and go on.5. If you're taking an essay test and you go blank on the whole test, pick a question and start writing. It may trigger the answer in your mind.6. Don't panic when students start handing in their papers. There's no reward for being the first done.(UTD Test Anxiety) A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  12. Summary Raymond Lee, “A Study Guide” offers hints and tips that were designed to help students achieve effective learning methods by utilizing time management skills and organization methods. • Time Management – The art of schedule management • Input – How to gather information effectively • Note Taking – Methods to effective note taking • Concentration – Best study practices • Reading – Effective reading and understanding skills • Organization – Methods of writing and sorting • Writing – Key points on writing effectively • Output – Tips to test taking • Citations – Works used in this presentation • The author hopes this guide was as helpful and beneficial to you as it was to them, good luck and enjoy your newly acquired study skills. A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  13. Congratulations! By utilizing these tips, you will soon be on your way to mastering effective learning methods. A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

  14. Citations • “Time Scheduling Suggestions.” Virginia Tech. July 4, 2009. http://www.ucc.vt.edu/stdysk/htimesug.html • “Taking Notes From Lectures.” University of Minnesota Duluth. July 4, 2009.http://www.d.umn.edu/kmc/student/loon/acad/strat/ss_notetaking.html • “Where To/How To Study.” Dartmouth Academic Skills Center. July 4, 2009.http://www.dartmouth.edu/~acskills/success/study.html • “Reading your textbooks.” Middle Tennessee State University. July 4, 2009.http://frank.mtsu.edu/~studskl/Txtbook.html • “Writing Center.” Ohio State University. July 4, 2009.http://www.csuohio.edu/writingcenter/writproc.html, http://www.glendale.cc.ca.us/new/services/counseling/writing.htm • “Self Help: Test Anxiety.” University of Texas and Dallas. July 4, 2009.http://www.utdallas.edu/counseling/selfhelp/test-anxiety.html A Study Guide, by Raymond Lee

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