Chapter 1

1. Chapter 1 What is Social Work? Ginsberg

2. Definition from SW dictionary • The applied science of helping people achieve an effective level of psychosocial functioning and effecting societal change to enhance the well-being of all people

3. Introduction • What do you think Social work is and where do Social Workers work? • Helping profession. • What are some other helping professions?

4. Size and Scope of Social work • 600,000 Social Workers employed in the US, in a many different roles. • From 1994-2005 Social Work has grown by 74%. What are some factors that have caused this growth?

5. Increase in elderly population, the need of people with disabilities, as well of large number of people incarcerated.

6. II Social Work Profession • Social work is a profession rather than a job. • 3 traits of Profession • 1 Body of Knowledge • 2 Core set of values (NASW) • 3 Skills that members use

7. A. Social work is not well known • Why? • Not taught in School • Many times college students are unaware of Social Work profession. • Degree is not offered a large number of Colleges.

8. SW poorly understood • Lack of knowledge in large public population • 1 Sounds like other profession (social science, sociology) • 2 Often viewed by what SWs do rather than profession. • 3 Not taught in elementary school like other professions (doctors, lawyer…)

9. 4 Many individuals never have contact with SW. 5 Media does not cover programs extensively 6 SW profession does spend money towards public education 7 Not always a powerful profession, but has impact on laws and budgets related to resources.

10. Comparison to other profession • It is important to understand how social work profession relates and works directly with other profession. • Can you identify some profession that SW work with on a regular bases?

11. Sociology- (examines human beings interact with one another and large society) SW uses knowledge and research from this profession to help other. • Psychology- (study behavior and mental process) SW often work together with psychologist , serving the same client with different perspective. SW focus on social concern (PIE).

12. Psychiatry- (medical degree, Rx) SW work closely with psychiatrist. The psychiatrist specializes with mental health and SW deals with social element of patient’s problem. • Nursing- Similar to SW majority are women, it is primarily a baccalaureate and master’s degree profession. Nurses like SW in public health, education, and health care management. However, nursing just focuses on health, SW goes beyond.

13. Counseling and Therapy- term used in a variety of professions. SW have accreditation that make them able to perform therapeutic services. Guidance counselor focus mainly on education aspect of students. SW has a boarder goal that focuses on policy makers, problem solving, larger systematic concerns; which separates SW from other human services profession

14. Social and Human service assistant- no degree (possible AA) Large growing profession • Medicine- SW help patient with medical needs (paying if no insurance, education on medication…) and relaying information to the doctor. • Law- SW work closely with lawyers on adoptions, custody concerns, probation. • Administration- SW may become administrator in social program agencies. How does this benefit the client over MBA administrator?

15. Social Work History • Fairly new profession; however, many believe it goes back to the 1900’s in the US. • Origin- SW traits can go back to the beginning of civilization. People helping others in need. • The first SW were know as ministers and priests.

16. England in 1500s and 1600s started to pass social welfare programs. Best known as Elizabethan Poor law of 1601. This law pulled together a number of existing laws, defining ways people are to get help from relatives/community and how government would provide help. • Forerunners in US 1800 “friendly visitors” for charity organizations. Went door to door for people in need. Using had a degree I of wealth and high standing of community status. Wanted to help but not foster dependence.

17. Research and Administration- Many early professional conducted social research to understand social problems. Many SW conduct research to know what services are needed and where. • Settlement house- developed for England started in 1884 , well now Hull House by Jane Adams in Chicago. Were viewed helping ind overcome proverty. It was a group setting verse home visit. Helped immigrants learn English and learn sanitary needs. Also, learn cultural differences.

18. Modern Milestones- Social welfare policies and programs SS Act of 1935. Services for mental health and disable. • Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, Medicare, Medicaid. • Work Reconciliation Act of 1996 gave state more power to establish strict work requirements of recipients of aid.

19. The two tradition- Charity Organization Societies and Settlement Movement • Early SW Training Programs- Mary Richmond- organizer of first education programs for SW. Founder of Social casework. • Birth of Profession-1955 American SW organized National Association of Social Work (NASW). Code of ethics.

20. Social Work Education • Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) monitors and accredited Social Work programs. • General education all Social Workers receive: • Human behavior knowledge • Social welfare policy and services • Social Research • Social work methods and practice • Field practicum • BSW, MSW, DSW/PH.D

21. Recognition of Baccalaureate • For a long time the BSW was not accredited. A lot of MSW hold bachleor’s degree in another discipline. The paradox of SW was most the jobs called for SW positions were filled by other degrees. Some states are now licensing BSWs and MSWs. • MSW are more specialized than BSW and can perform complex task (therapy vs. counseling)

22. Traits, Attitudes, and Values • 1 People person • 2 Do not judge • 3 Avoid quick decision about people • 4 Maintain Confidentiality • 5 Client comes first • 6 Separate Personal and Professional • 7 Be loyal Employee • 8 Maintain a Private Personal Life • 9 Establish Emotional Privacy • 10 Identify with the Profession

23. NASW code of ethics • Violation of code can result in sanction. If Licensed can result in loss of licenses.

24. Habits of Effective People • Be proactive • Begin with the end in mind • Put first things first • Think win-win • Seek first to understand, then to be understood • Synergize • Sharpen the saw

26. Chapter 2 • Social welfare: A Response to Human Need • Morales

27. Maslow hierarchy of human needs • Physiological survival needs • Safety needs • Belonging needs • Esteem needs • Self-actualization • Society agrees that provision must be met to meet the basic needs of everyone.

28. Government involvement • Conservative vs.. Liberal • Conservative- argues the primary responsibility is the ind and families responsibility. • Liberal-favors a substantial role of government to redistribute income and resources.

29. Social Welfare Programs • Society’s efforts to meet the human needs. Concerned with the well-being of people. • In a early US the rural agrian society ind and families were able to meet basic need on there own. • The growth of the industrial society increased the need for social service assistant to meet basic human needs. Ind and families were not as self-sufficient.

30. Puritan Ethic • Punishment for God! This view does not take into account structural factors in society that contribute to ind problems. • Thought process came from French Enlightenment • Worthy poor and unworthy poor. • Does exist today?

31. Presidential input • Pierce 1854- veto land granted to mentally ill. • Herbert 1930- approved 45 mil to feed livestock but opposed an additional 25 mil to feed farmers who raised the livestock. • Roosevelt-New deal program after economical crisis; however, minority were not treated equal. • By the 70’s the economy had recovered and during Reagan’s administration he set out to limit federal government programs. Responsibility was shifted to state and local government.

32. Clinton War on Welfare” • Primary intent: • @least 1 person in the house is working, and receive benefits for no more than 5 years. • Noncitizens and felons should not receive benefits • More power and responsibility shifted to state. • Illegitimacy rate should be reduces by establishing strict child support guidelines, and benefits for our out-of -wedlock children. • Mixed results from Welfare Reform pg 22

33. In the early 2000 • Large responsibility placed on ind and families; however, many families are unable to meet these needs. Due to this social service and religious agencies have expanded. • Local and state government then become the next line of defense. Supply 54% funds that underwrite the health, education, and social welfare programs. • Federal government provides 800 bil yearly in health, income security, and other programs. The rational for extensive involvement of Federal aid is that human problems are created by national and international factors (unemployment, pervasive discrimination, inflation, international trade deficit…)

34. Purpose and Goal of Social Programs • 1 remediation of social problems (income support, counseling mentally ill, job training…) • 2 Enhancement of social functioning (parent-effectiveness, youth recreation…) • 3 Prevention (positive parenting, public awareness…)

35. Goals • 1 Socialization (YMCA, Boy scouts…) • 2 Social integration (counseling, therapy…) • 3 Social control (mental hospitals, correctional …) • Social change (enhance overall quality of life.

36. Social Program Conceptions • Safety net- help to “save” people who have not had their primary needs met. • Residual-design to deal with the residue of human problem • Selective- designed to serve specific population • Time-limited- serves terminated when needs met.

37. Social Utilities- first line to meet basic needs. Are available to all people. Do not feel anyone is to blame; in contrast just basic services that everyone can benefit from .

38. Human Service Programs Categories • Social Provision- designed to meet the basic needs of the population. They are tangible resources. TANF, SSI,… • Personal Services- consist of problem-solving and enhancement programs. Intangible. • Social Action-programs to help change condition that create difficulties in social functioning.

39. Successes and Failures of Human Services • Table2.2, pg 29 • Poverty rate is the most revealing indicator. • Minority are still at greater risk for lack of resources.