Introduction to Cells: Basics, Functions, and Types

1. CELLS The Introductory level of Cells By Mr. Hulscher

2. Goals and Objectives • Understand the function of the cell • Explain the two main basic types of cells • Distinguish among the scientists • Describe organelles of the cell • Relate the difference between plant and animal cells

3. OUTLOOK & REVIEW!!! • Understand the function of the cell • Explain the two main basic types of cells • Distinguish among the scientists • Describe organelles of the cell • Relate the difference between plant and animal cells

4. Cells(basic unit of a living organism) • Carry out the functions within the system • Nerve, White BC, RBC, muscle, epithelial, etc. • 1000’s of different types of cells

5. Eukaryote Multicellular organisms (mainly) Membrane bound structures Includes some unicellular (yeast and algae) All animals (you) Most plants Prokaryote Unicellular organisms No membrane bound Example: bacteria Main types of Cells

6. THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Anton Von Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke T. Schwann M. Schleiden

7. THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Anton Von Leuowonhook Robert Hooke T. Schwann M. Schleiden

8. THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first microscope (simple light microscope) Compound light microscope - uses more than one lens - mainly used today by us

9. THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first CELL - in cork (dead cells) - named cells for the rooms monks live in

10. THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first CELL - in PLANTS - helped with CELL THEORY

11. THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first CELL - in ANIMALS - helped with CELL THEORY

12. Cell Theory(as developed by Schleiden and Schwann) • All organisms are composed of one or more cells • A cell is a basic unit of organization of all organisms • All cells come from pre-existing cells

13. Cellular Components

14. ASSIGNED TERMS • Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER” • Chromatin • Fluid Mosaic Model • Phospholipid bi-layer and Phosolipids • Transport Proteins • Explain 2 other types of Microscopes • Organelles

15. Fluid of the Cell The main component of organisms is water, this would be the cytoplasm.

16. “Brain of the cell” Contains the blueprints of the activities “Hard drive or CPU of the computer”

17. “Prison wall” Allows certain things in and certain things out. Selective permeability - allowing certain things in while blocking other things, helps to maintain homeostasis (balance in the environment) “screen window”

18. “Rigid structure or wall” Allows anything in and out. Found only in plants. Contains cellulose.

19. The core of the Nucleus! Helps make ribosome's. RIBOSOMES - make proteins and enzymes with specific functions according to DNA

20. ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT, STORAGE • Endoplasmic Reticulum • “factory” where the work area is • Golgi Apparatus • “packaging” gets the proteins ready • Vacuoles • “storage” enzymes, food, and cell materials • Lysosomes • “recycler” digests worn out or extra organelles, food, and viruses or bacteria

21. Energy, Structure, & Movement

22. Assignment A • PLASTIDS: • UPTO ________ IS THE NUMBER OF MITOCHONDRIA LIVER CELLS MAY HAVE.

23. “POWERHOUSE” Transforms energy for the cell Where the cell gets its energy

24. “GIVES THE SHELL SHAPE” Provides shape for the cell “tent poles” Microfilaments - solid protein fibers Microtubules - hollow protein fibers (both help give cell shape)

25. Of The GENERATOR • Converts light energy into mechanical • Contains chlorophyll • CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants their green color

26. Tiny hair-like particles used for cellular movement Usually numerous (hundred’s)

27. Tail-like structure used for cellular movement Uses a whip-like motion Usually one or very few

28. Main Differences between Plants and Animal Cells • Cell Wall (PLANTS) • Vacuoles (PLANTS) • Chromatin(PLANTS) • Chlorophyll

29. The END!!!Study, I worked hard on this for YOU!!!