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Approach to the IW Environment

Approach to the IW Environment. Understanding the Environment. Approach the problem from the perspective of the insurgent and population to help define priorities and the balance of efforts. What is a counterinsurgency? - What are we ‘countering?’

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Approach to the IW Environment

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  1. Approach to the IW Environment

  2. Understanding the Environment Approach the problem from the perspective of the insurgent and population to help define priorities and the balance of efforts. What is a counterinsurgency? - What are we ‘countering?’ - What is Counterinsurgency vs. Counterguerrilla warfare Counterguerrilla Counterinsurgency

  3. Mindset and the Full Spectrum of COIN Counterinsurgency Counterguerrilla Counterguerrilla : Countering Insurgents (e.g. Counter IED) - Short term - Reactive - Tactical - Military Versus Counterinsurgency : Eliminating Root Causes (e.g. denying insurgents passive/active support of the population to lay in IEDs. - Medium and long term - Proactive - Tactical (with cumulative) - Military and political

  4. Mindset and the Full Spectrum of COIN What is a counterinsurgency? - Countering Insurgents - Countering the Root Causes of the insurgency Counterinsurgency Counterguerrilla Balanced Development Balanced Development - Political Reform - Economic Reform - Social Refrom Mobilization - Manpower - Material Neutralization - Physical Interdiction - Psychological Interdiction Security - Population - Infrastructure Advising HN (Combat Advisor) - Leadership - Training - Equip/Admin/Logistics - Ethos/Professionalization Balanced Development Mobilization Neutralization Security Mobilization Advising HN (Combat Advisor) The Full Spectrum of Counterinsurgency Counterguerrilla

  5. Doctrine Application “Get It” How do we bridge the gap from DOCTRINE to APPLICATION? Versus “Know It” “Get It” “Know It” Size and Experience of the Force

  6. Full S p e c t r u m Tools and Standardized Procedures “Know It” Application Doctrine 3 Mindset / Perspective 2 1

  7. IPB in Counterinsurgency Overview

  8. IPB 1 Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group. 1 Determine Threat Courses of Action Define the Operational Environment Describe the Environment's Effects Evaluate the Threat

  9. IPB 2 Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group. 1 Determine Threat Courses of Action Define the Operational Environment Describe the Environment's Effects Evaluate the Threat 2 Visualize the 3 x Root Causes by community or specific group depicted in the Overlay from IPB I

  10. IPB 3 Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group. 1 Determine Threat Courses of Action Define the Operational Environment Describe the Environment's Effects Evaluate the Threat 3 2 Assess the insurgent’s strategy and forecast his MD/MP COA (add to IPB I-II overlay to visualize and the enemy’s campaign plan and how he gains passive/active support of the population) Visualize the 3 x Root Causes by community or specific group depicted in the Overlay from IPB I

  11. The enemy’s Strategy and capabilities (IPB III) to use Root Causes (IPB II) to specifically target and leverage the human and physical terrain (IPB I) to accomplish MD/MP COAs. In short this is the enemy’s campaign plan. IPB 4 Visualize the specific groups that defines the limits of the AO/AI by looking at the physical and human terrain using ASCOPE (overlay). Identify each specific community or group. 4 1 Determine Threat Courses of Action Define the Operational Environment Describe the Environment's Effects Evaluate the Threat 3 2 Assess the insurgent’s strategy and forecast his MD/MP COA (add to IPB I-II overlay to visualize and the enemy’s campaign plan and how he gains passive/active support of the population) Visualize the 3 x Root Causes by community or specific group depicted in the Overlay from IPB I

  12. IPB 4 4 1 1 Determine Threat Courses of Action Define the Operational Environment How ENEMY uses ISSUES to get PEOPLE The PEOPLE Describe the Environment's Effects Evaluate the Threat Their ISSUES The ENEMY 3 3 2 2

  13. 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control IPB 4 4 4 1 1 How ENEMY uses ISSUES to get PEOPLE The PEOPLE Their ISSUES The ENEMY 3 3 2 2

  14. 4 4 1 1 How ENEMY uses ISSUES to get PEOPLE The PEOPLE Their ISSUES The ENEMY 3 3 2 2 Social Economic COAs COAs Begin to Develop Insurgent Campaign Plan 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Assess:Strategy Forecast:Operational OBJs across: Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control Political Military COAs COAs

  15. 4 4 1 1 How ENEMY uses ISSUES to get PEOPLE The PEOPLE Their ISSUES The ENEMY 3 3 2 2 Political Military Social Economic COAs COAs COAs COAs What w/ Who How Begin to Develop Insurgent Campaign Plan 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Assess:Strategy Forecast:Operational OBJs across: Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control

  16. 4 4 1 1 How ENEMY uses ISSUES to get PEOPLE The PEOPLE Begin to Develop Insurgent Campaign Plan Their ISSUES The ENEMY Assess:Strategy Forecast:Operational OBJs across: 3 3 2 2 What w/ Who How 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes MDMP MDMP 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control

  17. 4 4 1 1 How ENEMY uses ISSUES to get PEOPLE The PEOPLE Their ISSUES The ENEMY 3 3 2 2 What w/ Who How 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP MDMP 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control

  18. COIN IPB/Overlay helps with: Site selection of Combat Outposts Standardizes method to assist units, HN security forces, coalition members, local leaders, government agencies, PRTs, etc in focusing on: - Political Objective - Unity of Effort - Legitimacy - Adaptability - Perseverance COP COP COP Overlapping sectors based on Operational Environment COP I/O message and delivery method based on Operational Environment, and Effects COP COP COP Greatly assists in cultural and situational awareness (key to Mission success and Force Protection). 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Addresses Effects (Root Causes) by the Environment to forecast and deny Threat from gaining active / passive support. 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control Support med/long term plans and continuity to insure sustainment from tour to tour and during handoff to HN

  19. COIN IPB/Overlay helps with: Site selection of Combat Outposts Standardizes method to assist units, HN security forces, coalition members, local leaders, government agencies, PRTs, etc in focusing on: - Political Objective - Unity of Effort - Legitimacy - Adaptability - Perseverance JSS JSS JSS Overlapping sectors based on Operational Environment JSS I/O message and delivery method based on Operational Environment, and Effects JSS JSS JSS Greatly assists in cultural and situational awareness (key to Mission success and Force Protection). 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Addresses Effects (Root Causes) by the Environment to forecast and deny Threat from gaining active / passive support. 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control Support med/long term plans and continuity to insure sustainment from tour to tour and during handoff to HN

  20. COIN IPB/Overlay helps with: Uses standard conventional framework (4 x steps IPB) but in a COIN environment. Consistency and standardizing basic tools and mindset within the framework of Doctrine outweighs each center’s, seminar, unit’s, or school’s individual method If we all use these tools greatly facilitates long-term sustainment which is vital in a protracted struggle JSS JSS JSS JSS JSS JSS JSS 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes 3 x Root Causes Root Causes 1. Vulnerable Population 2. Lack of Leadership 3. Lack Government Control

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