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The professional activity of the inhabitants of villages and small towns of Podlaskie province

The professional activity of the inhabitants of villages and small towns of Podlaskie province. Research methodology. Quantitative research : Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) conducted among 435 people living in villages and small towns in Podlaskie province .

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The professional activity of the inhabitants of villages and small towns of Podlaskie province

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  1. The professional activity of the inhabitants of villages and small towns of Podlaskie province

  2. Research methodology

  3. Quantitative research:Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) conducted among 435 people living in villages and small towns in Podlaskie province. Qualitative research: Individual in-depth interviews (IDI) with public institutions in the county (PUP) and in the region (VLO) and non-governmental organizations. Focus group interviews (FGI) conducted in rural areas and small towns in Podlaskieprovince. A panel of experts conducted among representatives of public institutions at the regional level (VLO) and county level (PUP), NGOs and residents of rural areas and small towns in Podlaskie province.

  4. RESEARCH FINDINGS DESK RESEARCH Main conclusions: Podlasie Province has one of the lowest levels of economic development and industrialization in comparison to other Polish regions. Typical agricultural region with varying potential and managing conditions between particular poviats and municipalities. The low share of industry in gross added value. The industrial structure is dominated by the production and processing of agricultural raw materials. A small investment attractiveness of the region (low GDP, a small market capacity, low level of urbanization and the development of infrastructure, weak industrial production and competitive workforce).

  5. RESEARCH FINDINGS DESK RESEARCH Noticeable process of "depopulation" of rural areas. Strong territorial differentiation of population density (average population density below the national average). The unemployment rate higher than in the country (in 2012, the highest in the following poviats: Grajewo and Sejny). The professional activity of the region's population at the level of the national average. Almost half of all companies registered in the REGON database concentrated in three sectors: trade and repair of motor vehicles, construction and manufacturing. Strong territorial diversification of economic activity, with the concentration of the entities in the Bialystok subregion.

  6. RESEARCH FINDINGS Qualitative research Main conclusions: Sources of earning Dependence of the labour market on seasonal work (more jobs in the spring and summer). The main source of income of rural residents: income from agriculture, trips abroad for seasonal work, seasonal work in construction, agricultural subsidies. Mobility People living in rural areas are less mobile than the ones of the cities. Greater mobility is among young people (for example, they often make decisions about going to bigger cities). Neighbouring centres, particularly in large cities, play a significant role in stimulating economic activity of inhabitants of villages and small towns (natural directions of migration for work).

  7. RESEARCH FINDINGS Qualitative research Reasons for economic inactivity The main reason for inactivity of inhabitants of villages and small towns include other economic benefits achieved than hired employment and subsidies for farm management. The threat to the activation of the unemployed is the fact that the Labour Offices pay health insurance. Barriers in taking up professional activity • The main problem in the region, contributing to the low professional activity, is the lack of jobs. • The barriers in making professional activity include also: • lack of access to the workplace: lack of public transport, or high travel costs that exceed the income from work; • lack of appropriate education and vocational training.

  8. RESEARCH FINDINGS Qualitative research Availability and interest in education Funding from the European Union makes a number of possibilities for the organization of different types of training. Despite having access and educational offer, those who are willing to participate in organized training are missing (thematic training mismatch). Residents of small towns do not believe they will find employment after the training, so they are more and more reluctant to improve their skills.

  9. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Structure of respondents by place of residence - subregion(N=435)

  10. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Structure of respondents by age and gender(N=434)

  11. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Structure of respondents by education and gender(N=434)

  12. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research The period of residence in a particular town(N=435)

  13. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research The reasons for residence in a particular town(N=435)

  14. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Assessment of the likelihood of finding a job

  15. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Structure of respondents according to the degree of professional statute, including gender(N=435)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  16. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research The sector in which the inhabitants of villages and small towns take employment, by gender(N=239)

  17. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Location of companies in which residents of rural areas and small towns are employed(N=240)

  18. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Reasons for termination of employment in the previous job(N=115)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  19. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Sources of livelihood of the respondents in the past 12 months(N=435)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  20. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research The main source of income for the inhabitants of villages and small towns(N=435)

  21. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Willingness to work outside the place of residence(N=270)

  22. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research The reasons not to work outside the place of residence(N=150)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  23. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Forms for improving / retraining, which were used by the respondents in the last 2-3 years(N=435)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  24. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Reasons for not improving professional qualifications in the last 2-3 years(N=279)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  25. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Plans for raising qualifications / re-training by gender of respondents(N=435)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  26. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research The use of available forms of co-financing from national or EU funds by gender of respondents(N=435)

  27. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Allocation of the funds received(N=134)

  28. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Assessment of the conditions and standards of living in the municipality in the last 2-3 years, by gender of respondents(N=435)

  29. RESEARCH FINDINGS Quantitative research Factors supporting the development of the municipality(N=433)* * The sum of the indications is greater than 100% because it was possible to give more than one answer.

  30. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • Multifunctional rural development requires a comprehensive approach to integrate many features that make up the concept of "rural life". • New strategic documents and development programs must skillfully combine and support the development of infrastructure in the villages and small towns, productive investments and investments in human capital, the use of environmental values, based on the endogenous potentials of the area.

  31. Conclusions and recommendations Recommendation: It is a essential to increase the level of funding in these areas in road infrastructure to improve transport accessibility, telecommunication, gasification of the region and to provide water and sewage system. These actions will result in a significant increase of employment at the local level.

  32. Conclusions and recommendations Recommendation: A stronger emphasis on the Strategy's execution documents (regional and local development programs) concerning problems of development of multifunctional agriculture and rural development.

  33. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • It is necessary to support the development of multifunctional and local processing of corps and forestry products, agricultural services units, fine crafts, agro-tourism, etc. • It is advised to support the urban population of the rural areas in making operational activity associated with agriculture and forestry, which will increase jobs in their area.

  34. Conclusions and recommendations Recommendation: Prior to the creation of new programs and development strategies targeted for specific areas, it would be essential to make a full inventory of the reasons and consequences of territorial disparities. Visions of the development of particular regions should, as far as possible, take into account these differences.

  35. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • Reducing development disparities between the various sub-regions, poviats and municipalities. • A clear action to improve the vitality of rural areas in close cooperation with a potential of surrounding towns.

  36. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • It is necessary to intensify efforts to maintain the active state of professional activity and to provide employment to the current working age population. • Taking effective measures to ensure jobs to the young generation.

  37. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • Construction of an effective system of counseling, facilitating rational and efficient use of various sources of aid, loans. • Coordinating and strengthening the activities of the institutions and organizations that can help farmers and other rural entrepreneurs to make decisions and run their activities (especially non-agricultural activities).

  38. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • It is necessary to invest in human capital and the conditions for its development. In particular, it is urgent to build broad access to: • - public transport and transport infrastructure • - education, • - health, • living and financial services. • Package of measures to raise the quality of human capital should be individual and dedicated to individual local communities, as well as tailored to their needs, expectations and opportunities.

  39. Conclusions and recommendations Recommendation: Taking effective measures to stimulate social activity.

  40. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendations: • Creating the conditions for economic development, in particular in areas with low entrepreneurship. • Stimulation of social activity for the development of entrepreneurship and new initiatives.

  41. Conclusions and recommendations • Recommendation: • Performing a full diagnosis of training needs, both from the point of view of local labour markets, as well as the unemployed.

  42. Thank you for your attention

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