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Evaluation of Aerial Permethrin Application Impact on Mosquito Control Efficacy and Non-Target Fish

This report from the FCCMC Meeting on Oct. 24, 2006, evaluates the impact and efficacy of Aerial ULV application of Permanone 30-30 in Panama City Beach. The study measured permethrin residue ground deposition, airborne concentration, non-target impact on mosquito fish, and control efficacy against adult mosquitoes. Results show varying levels of permethrin residue and its correlation with control efficacy. Fish mortality and mosquito assay results were also discussed. Acknowledgements are given to the project contributors. Questions are invited for further discussion.

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Evaluation of Aerial Permethrin Application Impact on Mosquito Control Efficacy and Non-Target Fish

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  1. Impact and Efficacy of Aerial ULV Application of Permanone 30-30 Research Report FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  2. Objectives: • Measure permethrin residue ground deposition • Determine permethrin airborne concentration • Assess non-target impact using mosquito fish bioassay • Evaluate control efficacy against adult mosquitoes through bioassay • Correlate residue and bioassay FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  3. Materials and Methods • Study Site: Panama City Beach • 12 stations (9 treatments and 3 controls) • The 9 treatment stations include 6 open sites and 3 in woodland area • Beach MCD’s helicopter (Helo N91336) equipped with WingmanTM GX and AIMMS-20 (Adapco) was used for the Aerial ULV spray at 150ft attitude. • Residue sample collections: yarn, water and filter paper • Permethrin Analysis -GC with ECD detector FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  4. Materials and Methods • Bioassay: caged mosquitoes (+50 female mosquitoes / cage) (Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus) 12-hrs post-treatment • Bioassay: caged mosquito fish (Gambusia holbrooki) in plastic pans (10/pan). The acute toxicity was checked 1 hr after the spray and the chronic toxicity was assessed daily for 5 days in the same plastic pan (108-hrs post-treatment --worst case scenario) FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

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  13. Result (1) Permethrin Residue on Filter Paper (µg/m2) and (Fish Mortality) FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  14. Result (2) Permethrin Residueon Yarn (µg/yarn) and (%Mosquito Mortality) FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  15. Discussion Permethrin Residue • Low level permethrin residue (2.14 ppb and 4.36 ppb) was detected in water samples from the fish tank from two separate spray events (6/27/2006 and 7/18/2006) and both samples collected from site 1 • The highest permethrin deposition on filter paper was on site 9 (151µg/m2). That matched up to low residue on yarn (6.0 µg/yarn) indicating it may have the large droplets fall out. In fact that many of higher ground deposition (>90 µg/m2) did not have good mosquito control efficacy • The range of ground deposition was about 37 – 151 µg/m2 • The highest permethrin residue found on yarn was 170 µg/m2 and the range was 3 – 170 µg/m2 • With few exceptions, the residue on yarn reached >40 µg/yarn, the control efficacy was greatly improved. FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  16. Discussion (2)fish and mosquito assay • PPB level permethrin residue was detected in tank water samples from two separate spray events on site 1 did not cause fish mortality at higher concentration (4.36 ppb). • There were no indication of acute toxic effect permethrin on fish from field bioassay even with the highest ground deposition (151 µg/m2). • Various fish mortality found during each trial and the reason is unknown or appears not correlated with permethrin concentration • We suspect the stressed fish were picked for the assay in trial 2 and 3 as the control fish mortality increasing. The fact of fish reservoir lost screen enclosure as a result from storm. • Only six stations in three spray evens reached >80% mosquito mortality. The low control efficacy in general a concern and the reasons need to be further investigated. FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  17. Acknowledgements The following personnel contributed to this project: • Florida A&M University • C. Brock, T. Quimet, T. Lian, R. Aarons, N. Sickerman, -participation • K. Shaffer and J. Petersen –Provide mosquito pupae • J. Smith, E. Cope and J. Walsh – Provide mosquito rearing room • Beach Mosquito Control Districts • E. Hunter, J. Shehee, Skip, Lee, and Cindy - participation • Florida Department of Agricultural and Consumer Services • Max Feken, James Clauson -participation • Bayer Environmental Science • Peter Connelly -participation, Jing Zhai (consultant) • Adapco, • Bill Reynolds –computer model and spray tech. • Lee County Mosquito Control District • J. Hornby –droplets analysis FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

  18. Any Questions ? FCCMC Meeting Oct 24, 2006

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