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Early Stages of Civil Rights. By Brooks, Nathaniel, Elber, Meg. Plessy vs. Ferguson.
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Early Stages of Civil Rights By Brooks, Nathaniel, Elber, Meg
Plessy vs. Ferguson Plessy was a 7/8 white man, who after sitting on a white’s only section of the train, was arrested for refusing to move to the colored area of the train. The Supreme Court reviewed his case in 1896, and decided that as long as public facilities were separate but equal, it was constitutional. This allowed segregation to remain legal in America.
Brown vs. Board of Education Linda Brown was required by Kansas law to attend a segregated school, that was academically unequal when compared to a white school. The Supreme Court reviewed the case in 1954, and in a unanimous vote ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional as it violated the 14th amendment’s promise of equal protection to all citizens under the law.
De Facto vs. Jure Segregation De Facto – in reality De Jure – by law Although the decision in Brown v Board of Education outlawed segregation in schools, the schools remained de facto segregated because of the demographics of the surrounding neighborhoods. As a result of the this, many school districts and cities attempted to desegregate schools, by reassigning students based on race.
Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools After the decision in Brown v Board of Education, the Charlotte-Mecklenberg County School system still had many de facto segregated schools. Some student’s family sued the county because they did not believe that Charlotte-Mecklenberg was making enough effort to integrate the schools.
Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools ~ cont’d In a unanimous vote, the Supreme Court ruled in Charlotte-Mecklenberg County’s favor, stating that the busing and redistricting of schools (which was attempted by the county) was constitutional, so long as it was based a mathamatical formula, it did not create rigid busing routes, and that it did not interfere with any laws made prior.
QUIZ • Who’s favor did they rule in Plessy v Ferguson? • What does “de facto” mean? • What does “jure” mean? • (True/False) Was Plessy 5/8 black? • What case overturned Plessy v Ferguson in schools?