LECTURE 8 AVIATION SAFETY & SECURITY

1. LECTURE 8AVIATION SAFETY & SECURITY Hazard Identification & Safety Risk Management

2. INTRODUCTION DOGMATIC a belief that people are expected to accept without asking question Hazard Identification and safety risk management (SRM) are the core process in the management of safety. Hazard identification and safety risk management are dogmatic components that underlie the comprehensive concept of system safety.

3. INTRODUCTION • To develop safety management practices that are relevant and effective, a clear understanding of what is a hazard and what is safety risk is essential. • To identify hazard, an individual must have clear understanding about hazard. • As review, there are 3 types of hazard: • Natural hazard • Technical hazard • Economic hazard

4. INTRODUCTION Hazard identification is a continuous, ongoing and daily activity. Hazard identification and reporting are everybody’s responsibility. Therefore, all personnel in aviation organizations should be receive in the appropriate safety management training. So that everybody in the organization is prepared and able to identify and report hazard.

5. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

6. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION Figure : Hazard consider from communication

7. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

8. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION Figure : Hazard consider from work environment factors.

9. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION Figure : Hazard consider from human performance

10. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

12. HAZARD ANALYSIS

13. HAZARD ANALYSIS A State the generic hazard Example: Bad weather B Identify specific components of hazard Example: Icing Lightning • C • Naturally leading to specific consequences • Example: • Wing heaviness • Instrument malfunction • Aircraft collision due to poor visibility Basically, ABC is the formula use in doing the hazard analysis. Another example of hazard analysis.

14. HAZARD DOCUMENTATION

15. HAZARD DOCUMENTATION

16. HAZARD MANAGEMENT FLOWCHART

17. SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM HAZARD IDENTIFICATION SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT SMS PLANNING SMS OPERATION SAFETY MANAGEMENT What is the relation between Safety Risk Management (SRM) with SMS?

18. SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT The key perspective of safety of an organization is the outcome of safety. Safety risk management is the key component of the safety management process. Safety risk management is the process to achieve the safety outcome.

19. SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT Safety risk management is a general term encompasses the assessment and mitigation of the safety risks of the consequences of hazard that threaten the capabilities of an organization, to a level as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). ALARP = as low as reasonably practicable.

21. SRM : Safety Risk Control/Mitigation • Risk Mitigation • The process of implementing actions or defenses. • To eliminate or reduce probability or severity of risks associated with hazard.

22. SRM: Safety Risk Mitigation

23. SRM: Safety Risk Probability

24. SRM : Safety Risk Severity

25. SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX

26. SAFETY RISK TOLERABILITY MATRIX

27. Warm-up exercise 01 Scenario: • Fuel spill on the apron area surface of approximately 25 m (75 ft) length and 5 m (15 ft) width, produced by an A310 ready to pushback and taxi for departure Report by the apron responsible person: • After the A310 pushback the spill was contained and the apron area was decontaminated

28. Warm-up exercise 01– results 3. Assess the probability of the risk: Remote • Identify the hazard(s) Fuel spill a) Fire • 4. Assess the severity of the risk Hazardous • 5. Determine the resulting risk index 3B • 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) a) Fire b) Contamination • 6. Establish the risk tolerability Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision c) Sliding vehicle

29. Warm-up exercise 02 Scenario: It was observed that airline baggage handling personnel generates FO(D) on the aerodrome apron area Report by the apron responsible person: It should be noted that airline baggage handling personnel are not complying with safety standards as set in the aerodrome operating manual. This is considered a hazard that can produce incident or accident in the movement area

30. Warm-up exercise 02– results • 3. Assess the probability of the risk: Remote • Identify the hazard(s) Foreign object • Engine • ingestion • 4. Assess the severity of the risk Hazardous • 5. Determine the resulting risk index 3B • 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) a) Engine ingestion b) Property damage • 6. Establish the risk tolerability Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision c) Tire damage

31. Warm-up exercise 03 Scenario: A parked aircraft shows damage in the left wing root near the fuselage. Such damage was caused by a maintenance stair hitting the aircraft as a consequence of the wind, apparently because the stair was not properly restrained Report by the apron responsible person: In conditions of strong winds it is essential that all equipment around aircraft is properly restrained and locked, thus preventing the possibility of aircraft damage.

32. Warm-up exercise 03– results • 3. Assess the probability of the risk: Occasional • Identify the hazard(s) Unsecured equipment • Damage to • aircraft • 4. Assess the severity of the risk Minor • 5. Determine the resulting risk index 4D • 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) a) Damage to aircraft b) Injury to persons • 6. Establish the risk tolerability Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision

33. Warm-up exercise 04 Scenario: The vehicle and ramp equipment parking area behind the fingers shows a large amount of FO(D) (food, trays, plastics, pillows, etc.) left behind by an airline Report by the apron responsible person: The presence of decomposed food and others dangerous material was informed to the airline, since in addition to FO(D), this presents a bacteriological danger for people who operate in this sector, also attracting animals to the operative apron

34. Warm-up exercise 04– results • 3. Assess the probability of the risk: Occasional • Identify the hazard(s) Foreign object • Attract • wildlife • 4. Assess the severity of the risk Major • 5. Determine the resulting risk index 4C • 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) a) Attract wildlife b) Vehicle accident • 6. Establish the risk tolerability Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision c) Bacteriological

35. Warm-up exercise 05 Scenario: A loose wheel, apparently from a baggage cart, was observed in the handling area. The driver apparently did not notice what happened. The wheel rolled at high speed through the area, hitting the fence accessing the fuel zone. Report by the apron responsible person: This could have caused injuries to ramp personnel in addition to material damage to equipment and/or aerodrome facilities. We have insisted in the past on the periodic verification of all equipment and vehicles that operate in the aerodrome apron area

36. Warm-up exercise 05– results • 3. Assess the probability of the risk: Remote • Identify the hazard(s) Unsecured wheel • Injury to • persons • 4. Assess the severity of the risk Major • 5. Determine the resulting risk index 3C • 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) a) Injury to persons b) Damage to property • 6. Establish the risk tolerability Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision

37. Warm-up exercise 06 Scenario: The absence of airline personnel attending the stairs was observed in three occasions, in flights from different companies. The presence of airline personnel is necessary to guide passengers when embarking and disembarking Report by the apron responsible person: This is a risk for passengers, since they should access the apron to board aircraft in an orderly manner under the guidance of airline personnel

38. Warm-up exercise 06– results • 3. Assess the probability of the risk: Remote • Identify the hazard(s) Unaccompanied passengers in the ramp • Injury to • persons • 4. Assess the severity of the risk Major • 5. Determine the resulting risk index 3C • 2. Determine the hazard(s) consequence(s) a) Injury to persons b) Damage to equipment • 6. Establish the risk tolerability Acceptable based on risk mitigation. It might require management decision c) Interruption of operations

39. ANY QUESTION? THE END THANK YOU!