Prayer of St. Monica

1. Prayer of St. Monica O holy Monica, by your burning tears and unceasing prayers you saved your son from eternal damnation. Obtain for us the grace ever to comprehend what is most conducive to the salvation of our children, so that we may effectively restrain them from sin and lead them by virtue and piety to Heaven! Amen.

2. Announcements • HW: Review worksheet –Due Tues –get it done early –No HW next week • Next week –class is normal! There will be lecture –Review and an activity!

4. Chapter 4 ConcludedChapter 5

5. St. Hilary • Latin Church Father • Athanasius of the West • Fought Arianism • Heretics: followers of Christianity who were trying to explain the same ideas, but in different terms

6. The Three Cappadocians

7. St. Basil the Great • Community life is essential • Teachings = Greek Church legislation • Father of Eastern Monasticism • Fought Arianism • “if people only took what they needed, there would be no rich or poor.”

8. St. Basil the Great • Worked for clerical rights • Saw that Priests were properly trained • Provided for the spiritual and material needs of the laity • Built a social system of hospitals and social service institutions • Divine Liturgy

9. St. Gregory of Nazianzus • Five Theological Orations = Third person of the Trinity • Against Arianism • “Gregory Bishop”

10. St. Gregory of Nyssa • Became monk after wife died • On Virginity • Attacked Arianism/ “Theotokos”

11. Pope St. Leo the Great d. 461 • Consolidated Papal Power (NT) • Gained Papal Jurisdiction (West) • “First Pope”(modern)

12. St. Augustine of Hippo • Mother = Christian • Father = pagan • Studied Law • Student of rhetoric (Cicero) • Manichaeists

13. St. Augustine of Hippo Found Difficult: - The Bible - Origin of Evil Left Manichaeism after questions went unanswered

14. St. Augustine of Hippo • Youth –rebel • Stole pears for fun • Made stories up about women to gain acceptance • Had an illegitimate child • Great Conversion experience • “Tolle et lege” • Castrated self –to win over flesh

15. St. Augustine “My heart will not rest until it rests in You.”

16. Augustine’s Most Important Works • City of God • Confessions

18. Light in the Dark Ages Chapter 5

19. The Collapse of the Roman Empire Part I

20. The Fall of Rome • Began in 410 AD • Empire NOT completely Christianized • Loss of civil system • Rome fell to the Barbarians

21. The Barbarians • Brought primitive justice/ Religion • Lacked moral codes • Social understanding countered the Church’s

22. Fall of Rome: Impact on the Church • No scholarship = illiteracy • Roads became unsafe = stop to evangelization • Primitive religious practices = Christians began to act (again) like pagans

23. Church Structure • Modeled after the Empire • Christianity and Empire = intertwined • Barbarian invasions changed these views

24. Germanic Tribes

25. The Germanic Tribes • Diverse/ divided culture • Same language • Agrarian Society • Encouraged by Romans to settle along the boarder of Rome

26. The Goths • Visigoths/ Ostrogoths • First to invade the Empire

27. Ulphilas: Apostle to the Goths • Translated Bible into Gothic • Ordained Bishop • Converted Goths/Vandals to Arianism

28. The Franks • Clovis (Chieftain) • First to convert to Christianity

29. The Huns • Ruthless/ferocious • Took Romans/Germanic Tribes by surprise

30. Attila the Hun • “The Scourge of God” • Brave warrior • Skilled Diplomat • Ruthless • Left Rome after meeting Pope St. Leo the Great

31. Church’s Interpretation of Barbarian Invasions • Church is Universal • Established independence from Rome • Had to alter evangelization techniques • Monasticism = access to the people

32. Christian Attitudes Towards the Barbarian Invasions • Discouraged • Christ was about to Return • Just punishment for their sins

33. The Rise of Monasticism Part II

34. Monasticism • Prayer • Self-denial • Seclusion from the world • Living under a fixed rule with professed vows

35. Monastic Communities • Withdrew from the world in order to seek God through asceticism and silence. • Asceticism: life characterized by the absence of worldly pleasures

37. Two Types of Monasticism • Eremitical: hermit • Cenobitical: community life

38. St. Paul of Thebes • First Hermit • Anchorite (solitary monk) • Desert Father (wanted to be inaccessible)

39. St. Anthony • Gave away all possessions • “do not be anxious about tomorrow” (Matthew 6:34) • Offered self as a martyr to Diocletian • Fled further into the desert (solitude) • Athanasius: Biography

40. Monasteries Served As • A source of great spiritual strength • Seminaries for priests and bishops • Centers of evangelization to the barbarian tribes

41. The Effect of Monasteries on Europe • Recovery and evangelization of rural society • Intellectual • Civilization

42. St. BenedictThe “Patriarch of Western Monasticism” • Desert Monk • Abbot • Great Healer • Organized monasteries

43. Benedictine Rule • Chanting the Psalms and reading prayers in the community (four hours) • Private Prayer and Scriptural reading (four hours) • Physical Labor (six hours) • Meals and sleep (ten hours)

44. St. Scholastica • Twin sister of St. Benedict • Founded a convent • Met with brother once a year • Buried in same grave as brother

45. Pope St. Gregory The Great • Last of Latin Doctors • Abbot • Deacon of Rome • Nuncio • Pope – made peace with Lombards without consent

46. The Rise of Islam Part III

47. Islam • Muhammed/ Archangel Gabriel • Hagar (Ishmael)

48. Five Pillars of Islam • The Shahada • Prayer • Zakah: (alms) • The Hajj: Mecca • Ramadan

49. Islam and Catholicism: Same God? • Yes and No –Mulsims fail to realize the TRUE nature of God • Concept of God closely related –but not the same • Catholics worship God adequately –Muslims inadequately • Qur'an rejects • The Trinity • The Sonship of Christ • The Divinity of Christ

50. Why is Islam Violent? • Religion of peace? • Founder encouraged violence to spread the faith • Needs a reform –reformation movement?