Chapter 1

1. Chapter 1 Measuring Temperature LecturePLUS Timberlake

2. Temperature • Particles are always moving. • When you heat water, the water molecules move faster. • When molecules move faster, the substance gets hotter. • When a substance gets hotter, its temperature goes up. LecturePLUS Timberlake

3. Learning Check Suppose you place water in a freezer. A. The water particles move 1) faster 2) slower 3) the same B. The water will get 1) hotter 2) colder 3) stay the same C. The temperature of the water will be 1) higher 2) lower 3) the same LecturePLUS Timberlake

4. Solution Suppose you place water in a freezer. A. The water particles move 2) slower B. The water will get 2) colder C. The temperature of the water will be 2) lower LecturePLUS Timberlake

5. Temperature • Measures the hotness or coldness of an object • Determined by using a thermometer that contains a liquid that expands with heat and contracts with cooling. LecturePLUS Timberlake

6. Temperature Scales Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin Water boils _____°F _____°C ______K Water freezes _____°F _____°C ______K LecturePLUS Timberlake

7. Temperature Scales Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin Water boils 212°F 100°C 373 K Water freezes 32°F 0°C 273 K LecturePLUS Timberlake

8. Units of Temperature between Boiling and Freezing Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin Water boils 212°F 100°C 373 K 180° 100°C 100K Water freezes 32°F 0°C 273 K LecturePLUS Timberlake

9. Learning Check A. Temperature of freezing water 1) 0°F 2) 0°C 3) 0 K B. Temperature of boiling water 1) 100°F 2) 32°F 3) 373K C. Number of Celsius units between the boiling and freezing points of water 1) 100 2) 180 3) 273 LecturePLUS Timberlake

10. Solution A. Temperature of freezing water 2) 0°C B. Temperature of boiling water 3) 373K C. Number of Celsius units between the boiling and freezing points of water 1) 100 LecturePLUS Timberlake

11. Fahrenheit Formula 180°F = 9°F = 1.8°F 100°C 5°C 1°C Zero point:0°C = 32°F °F = 9/5 T°C + 32 or °F = 1.8 T°C + 32 LecturePLUS Timberlake

12. Celsius Formula Rearrange to find T°C °F = 1.8 T°C + 32 °F - 32 = 1.8T°C ( +32 - 32) °F - 32 = 1.8 T°C 1.8 1.8 °F - 32 = T°C 1.8 LecturePLUS Timberlake

13. Temperature Conversions A person with hypothermia has a body temperature of 29.1°C. What is the body temperature in °F? °F = 1.8 (29.1°C) + 32 exact tenth's exact = 52.4 + 32 = 84.4°F tenth’s LecturePLUS Timberlake

14. Learning Check The normal temperature of a chickadee is 105.8°F. What is that temperature in °C? 1) 73.8 °C 2) 58.8 °C 3) 41.0 °C LecturePLUS Timberlake

15. Solution 3) 41.0 °C Solution: °C = (°F - 32) 1.8 = (105.8 - 32) 1.8 = 73.8°F 1.8° = 41.0°C LecturePLUS Timberlake

16. Learning Check Pizza is baked at 455°F. What is that in °C? 1) 437 °C 2) 235°C 3) 221°C LecturePLUS Timberlake

17. Solution Pizza is baked at 455°F. What is that in °C? 2) 235°C (455 - 32) = 235°C 1.8 LecturePLUS Timberlake

18. Learning Check On a cold winter day, the temperature falls to -15°C. What is that temperature in °F? 1) 19 °F 2) 59°F 3) 5°F LecturePLUS Timberlake

19. Solution 3) 5°F Solution: °F = 1.8(-15°C) + 32 = -27 + 32 = 5°F LecturePLUS Timberlake

20. Kelvin Scale On the Kelvin Scale 1K = 1°C 0 K is the lowest temperature 0 K = - 273°C K °C K = °C + 273 LecturePLUS Timberlake

21. Learning Check What is normal body temperature of 37°C in kelvins? 1) 236 K 2) 310 K 3) 342 K LecturePLUS Timberlake

22. Solution What is normal body temperature of 37°C in kelvins? 2) 310 K K = °C + 273 = 37 °C + 273 = 310. K LecturePLUS Timberlake